Biography

Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. He was a member of the Republican Party who previously served as a representative and senator from California and was the 36th vice president from 1953 to 1961. His five years in the White House saw reduction of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, detente with the Soviet Union and China, the first manned Moon landings, and the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Nixon's second term ended early, when he became the only president to resign from office, following the Watergate scandal.

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Richard Nixon was born in Yorba Linda, California. Here he grew up with his parents in simple circumstances and was raised strictly according to the rules of Quakerism. Nixon attended Fullerton High School. He was considered an outstanding student and was awarded an award for the best academic performance in the state. After graduating from Whittier College in 1934, he studied law at Duke University until 1937, where he received a scholarship. He was admitted to the bar in the same year. On June 21, 1940, he married Patricia Ryan in California. In 1942 he became a prosecutor in California and in 1946 he completed military service in the Navy, at the rank of lieutenant commander. Nixon, who had been a member of the Republican Party since 1946, became a member of the House of Representatives from 1947 to 1950. In 1950 he was elected senator from California and sworn into office in 1951. During his time in office, Nixon committed himself to the fight against unemployment and poverty, as well as to environmental protection with regard to economic growth.

From 1953 to 1961 he was vice president under Dwight D. Eisenhower. When Lyndon B. Johnson decided not to run again in 1968, his successor was Nixon, who was elected 37th President of the United States in 1968 and sworn into office on January 20, 1969. In the fight against drug abuse, Elvis Presley was invited to the White House in December 1970 and appointed by Nixon as an agent in the US Drug Enforcement Agency. After taking office, Nixon was faced with the challenge of the Vietnam War, which divided the nation. The first major loss of trust in US politics occurred with the publication of the "Tonkin Report". The New York Times printed leaked internal documents from the U.S. Department of Defense beginning June 16, 1971, which revealed that the U.S. account of the 1964 "Tonkin Incident," which led to the United States' official involvement in the Vietnam War, was deliberate misinformation. According to the United States Navy, on August 2nd and 4th, 1964, North Vietnamese speedboats fired on two US warships several times without cause in the Gulf of Tonkin.

In science policy, in 1971 he declared an initiative under the motto "War on Cancer", the aim of which was to cure cancer within the next 25 years. As the first President of the United States, Richard Nixon visited the People's Republic of China and the USSR in 1972. He became a pioneer of diplomatic talks between the communist world powers. He also initiated the normalization of relations with the USA. Nixon and the Soviet state and party leader Brezhnev signed the arms limitation agreement SALT I (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks). In domestic policy, he founded a number of agencies, including the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as the national environmental agency. Observers see the end of the Vietnam War in 1973 through a ceasefire agreement between both states as its political highlight. Henry Kissinger played a significant role in this development. In 1973, Nixon also tried to resolve the Middle East issue in the "Yom Kippur War" through the détente policy.

After breaking into rooms at the Democratic Party headquarters at the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C. In 1973, Richard Nixon became the focus of the Watergate scandal. After it became clear that the White House staff in Washington D.C. was involved in the events, Nixon was threatened with impeachment. The highlight of these sometimes dramatic developments was Nixon's resignation as President of the United States on August 9, 1974. He became the first US president to resign from office. His successor as US President was Vice President Gerald Rudolph Ford. Richard Milhous Nixon withdrew from public life and settled in California. In 1978 he published his autobiography entitled "The memoirs of Richard Nixon". Pat Nixon died in the summer of 1993. He suffered a stroke in April 1994.

Richard Nixon died on April 22, 1994, at the age of 81, in New York.

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