Mytishchi

The city is located 19 km northeast of Russia's capital Moscow on the Yauza River and the Moscow–Yaroslavl railway.

The first settlement of ancient hunters and fishermen in this location dates back to the 6th–8th millennia BCE, i.e., in the late Stone Age. In the 8th–9th centuries, first Slavic tribes (Vyatichi and Krivichs) began settling here. In and around Mytishchinsky District about a dozen of such settlements from the 11th–13th centuries have been discovered.

The modern settlement has been known as the village Mystiche since 1460, and Bolshiye Mytishchi (Большие Мытищи)^[7] since the 19th century. The name comes from the so-called mytnaya (or "myta") duty that was levied on merchants hauling ships (by wheels, rollers or skids) between the Yauza and Klyazma Rivers, collected at the place now known as Yauza mytishche. The word "Mytische" is a portmanteau of myt (мыта) and a place where there was a residential building with a kiln and a hearth.

In 1804, the Mytishchi-Moscow aqueduct was built by order of Catherine the Great. It was the first water supply constructed in Russia to provide the Kremlin with pure water.

The first enterprises were organized in Mytischi in the middle of the 19th Century. Mytischi station, on the Moscow-Yaroslavl railway, opened in 1861, SI Mamontov's car building plant opened in 1896, and Viskova, Russia's first artificial silk company, began work in 1908. Mytischi and its district became a popular summer retreat for Russian holidaymakers from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, .

Mytischi gained city status on August 17, 1925.

In 1932, the territory of the city was significantly expanded, according to the decree of the Presidium of the Moscow Regional Executive Committee No. 8 (minutes No. 56) of October 4, 1932 and the decree of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of November 20, 1932 that approved it. The settlement merged with the villages of Bolshie Mytishchi, Rupasovo, Sharapovo, Zarechnaya Sloboda, Leonidovka, Perlovka, Taininsky settlements, Druzhba and Taininka.^[8]

According to Wikidata, the population of Mytishchi was 275,313 (2024),^[9] 389 (1852),^[10] 435 (1859),^[11] 1,000 (1897),^[12] 1,026 (1899),^[13] 7,000 (1917), 17,000 (1926),^[14] 23,100 (1931),^[12] 60,118 (1939),^[15] 98,606 (1959),^[16] 107,000 (1962),^[12] 111,000 (1964), 112,000 (1967),^[12] 118,653 (1970),^[17] 125,000 (1973),^[12] 134,000 (1975),^[18] 134,000 (1976),^[19] 140,656 (1979),^[20] 148,000 (1982),^[21] 151,000 (1985),^[22] 150,000 (1986),^[19] 152,000 (1987),^[23] 154,068 (1989),^[24] 154,000 (1990),^[25] 154,000 (1991),^[19] 154,000 (1992),^[19] 153,000 (1993),^[19] 152,000 (1994),^[19] 153,000 (1995),^[22] 153,000 (1996),^[22] 153,000 (1997),^[26] 155,000 (1998),^[22] 155,700 (1999),^[27] 155,700 (2000),^[28] 157,000 (2001),^[22] 159,900 (2002),^[29] 159,900 (2003),^[12] 161,400 (2004),^[30] 161,500 (2005),^[31] 161,800 (2006),^[32] 162,700 (2007),^[33] 163,400 (2008),^[34] 164,299 (2009),^[35] 173,160 (2010),^[36] 173,300 (2011),^[37] 174,971 (2012),^[38] 178,672 (2013),^[39] 183,224 (2014),^[40] 187,119 (2015),^[41] 201,130 (2016),^[42] 205,397 (2017),^[43] 211,606 (2018),^[44] 222,739 (2019),^[45] 235,504 (2020),^[46] 255,429 (2021),^[47] 266,436 (2023)^[48]. Mytishchi is the fourth largest city in Moscow Oblast after Balashikha (275,313 (population est, 2024) ), Podolsk (312,911 (population est, 2024) ), Khimki (256,684 (population est, 2024) ) in terms of population.

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Mytishchi serves as the administrative center of Mytishchinsky District.^[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with twenty-four rural localities, incorporated within Mytishchinsky District as the Town of Mytishchi.^[1] As a municipal division, the Town of Mytishchi is incorporated within Mytishchinsky Municipal District as Mytishchi Urban Settlement.^[3]

The city is the oblast's largest center for industry (machine building, arms industry in particular) and education. The Mytishchi Machine-Building Plant and Metrovagonmash (a manufacturer of train cars) are two large employers.

Mytishchi is twinned with:^[49]

Former twin towns:

• Panevėžys, Lithuania
• Płock, Poland

In March 2022, Panevėžys and Płock suspended their partnerships with Mytishchi as a response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.^[50][51]

People born in Mytishchi:

• Mikhail Egorovich Alekseev (1949-2014), linguist
• Yuri Bezmenov (1939-1993), journalist
• Ivan Dmitriyevich Borisov (1913-1939), pilot
• Yevgeny Dietrich (born 1973), politician
• Vadim Evseev (born 1976), football coach
• Anna Frolova (born 2005), figure skater
• Alexey Glyzin (born 1954), actor
• Tatyana Golikova (born 1966), politician
• Elizaveta Khudaiberdieva (born 2002), ice dancer
• Evgeny Kirillov (born 1987), tennis player
• Yelena Kondakova (born 1957), cosmonaut
• Pavel Maykov (born 1975), actor
• Dmitry Miller (born 1972), actor
• Svetlana Moskalets (born 1969), heptathlete
• Alexander Pichushkin (born 1974), serial killer
• Stanislav Pozhlakov (1937-2003), musician
• Mikhail Semichastny (1910-1978), football player
• Artyom Serikov (born 2000), ice hockey player
• Roman Sharonov (born 1976), football coach
• Gennady Strekalov (1940-2004), cosmonaut
• Aleksei Yeroshkin (born 1987), football player