Barista

The word barista comes from Italian, where it means a male or female "bartender" who typically works behind a counter,^[1] serving hot drinks (such as espresso), cold alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, and snacks.^[2] The native plural in Italian is baristi for masculine (literal translation"}]],"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"literally","href":"./Template:Literally"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"barmen"},"2":{"wt":"bartenders"}},"i":0}}]}">lit. 'barmen' or 'bartenders') or bariste for feminine (literal translation"}]],"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"literally","href":"./Template:Literally"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"barmaids"}},"i":0}}]}">lit. 'barmaids'), while in English and Spanish it is baristas.

Baristas generally operate a commercial espresso machine, and their role is preparing and pulling the shot; the degree to which this is automated or done manually varies significantly, ranging from push-button operation to an involved manual process. Espresso is a notoriously finicky beverage, and good manual espresso-making is considered a skilled task. Further, the preparation of other beverages, particularly milk-based drinks such as cappuccinos and caffè lattes, but also non-espresso coffee such as drip or press pot, requires additional work and skill for effective frothing, pouring, and most often latte art.

The barista is usually trained to operate the machine and to prepare the coffee based on the guidelines of the roaster or shop owner, meanwhile, more experienced baristas may have the discretion to vary the preparation or experiment. Some steps to put details on making good coffee, include grinding the beans, extracting the coffee, frothing the milk, and pouring.^[4]

Beyond the preparation of espresso and other beverages and general customer service, skilled baristas acquire knowledge of the entire process of coffee to effectively prepare a desired cup of coffee, including maintenance and programming of the machine, grinding methods, roasting, and coffee plant cultivation, similar to how a sommelier is familiar with the entire process of winemaking and consumption. A barista can acquire these skills by attending training classes, but they are more commonly learned on the job.

Formal barista competitions originated in Norway,^[5] and one such is the World Barista Championships, held annually at varied international locations.^[6] The knowledge sharing at WBC is credited with spreading the beverage espresso and tonic to North America.^[7]

Media related to Baristas at Wikimedia Commons

• Sommelier