East Bengal Ultras

East Bengal Club was founded in 1920 and is regarded as one of India's oldest and most successful association football clubs. The team has won multiple national and international trophies in its history. In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi's Satyagraha (or nonviolent resistance) swept over India and affected football;^[1] Indian clubs boycotted the ongoing Calcutta Football League (CFL) midway through the season. In the midst of the disruption, Royal Regiment was declared First Division winner, but East Bengal was not promoted to the First Division despite having won the Second Division. Thousands of East Bengal fans and officials held a protest march at the East Bengal Ground, where protesters carried flaming torches. A hand holding a flaming torch became the supporters' club's emblem. This icon is still the emblem of the club.^[2][3][4]

In 2013, the East Bengal Ultras made its first appearance at an away game against Bengaluru,^[5] becoming the first ultras group in the country.^[6][7] The group introduced smoke shows at the 2015 Calcutta Football League Kolkata Derby, which East Bengal won by 4–0 and unveiled its first large tifo at the 2016 Kolkata Derby at the Salt Lake Stadium in Bidhannagar. The tifo was a large East Bengal jersey that had the number 12 printed on the back, denoting that the fans were the club's "twelfth man". The tifo was the first of its kind in Indian football and became very popular with the club's supporters.^[6][8]

In the 2015–16 I-League, the East Bengal Ultras presented colourful mosaic shows at matches against Bengaluru and Salgaocar in the Barasat Stadium. These were firsts in India's fan culture.^[9] At the opening match of the 2016 CFL Premier Division at the Kalyani Stadium, the East Bengal Ultras displayed a 3D tifo, first ever in South Asia, that depicted an East Bengal player holding the CFL Trophy against the backdrop of the Kolkata skyline and the text Kolkata Amader ("Kolkata is ours").^[8][10]

The East Bengal Ultras introduced pole flags and a scarf show at a 2016–17 I-League match against Aizawl. The first big tifo of 2017 was another 3D tifo against Bengaluru. The new atmosphere in Indian football created by the group attracted coverage by foreign sports media like Copa90,^[11][12] Ultras-tifo,^[9] Football Fans Asia,^[13] 11 Freunde,^[14] Medium,^[15] Exhale Sports and ultras groups of various football clubs.^[16][17] East Bengal Ultras have also backed the club's youth team, performing activities at youth derbies, which prompted much discussion on fan forums.^[6] The group started with around 10 people, but they had expanded to thousands by 2019, including between 100 and 150 core members.^[10][18] They are considered as the second best ultras group in Asia.^[12][15][19]

Tunes of Colony

To celebrate the club's centenary, the Ultras organised an event called Tunes of Colony, which was held on 31 July 2019^[10] at the Sovabazar Natmandir temple. It was the first-ever chant-based musical show in Indian and South Asian football. The event was a hit with East Bengal fans.^[18][7]

Tifos

In the 2018–19 season, East Bengal won both Kolkata Derbies in the I-League. On 16 December 2018 at the Home Derby, East Bengal Ultras unfurled a gigantic tifo referencing the fan taunt Aha bujhlen kotta, aar koite hoibo? ("Do you understand sir? Do I need to say more?") with images of tea, sugar and milk. This tifo was covered by the BBC.^[22][23]

On 27 January 2019 at the return derby, the East Bengal Ultras displayed the second-largest tifo in Indian football. This was covered by sports media like Ultras-tifo.^[24] The banner was around 7,200 sq ft (670 m²) and depicted the struggles their ancestors faced during the Partition of India, showing how the East Bengal Club became an inspiration for their daily lives. The fans also put on a smoke show before the match.^[25][26]

East Bengal Ultras unveiled a large banner at the 2022 FIFA World Cup Qualification match against Bangladesh. It portrayed the front page of The Times of India after India won the 2011 Cricket World Cup and displayed the message "Dream Comes True!". The group supported the Indian team with continuous chanting and viking thunder claps, which continued after the match finished in a draw.^[27][28]

At a game against Real Kashmir on 4 December 2019, the first game of their 2019–20 I-League campaign at the Kalyani Stadium, the East Bengal Ultras presented a 10,000 sq ft (930 m²) tifo, the largest in Indian football at that time, showing five major achievements in the history of East Bengal in the form of a book.^[25] This tifo was featured in a December 2019 article in the United States-based media outlet The18.^[25][29] The record was later broken by Manjappada, the supporters' of Kerala Blasters FC on 11 December 2022 by presenting a 11000 sq ft tifo.^[30]

In January 2020, East Bengal Ultras caused a controversy when during the 2019–20 I-League first leg Kolkata Derby match, its members unfurled a tifo bearing statements against the National Register of Citizens (NRC).^[31][32] The banner bore text in Bengali that said, Rokto Diye Kena Maati, Kaagoj Diye Noy ("We bought the land with our blood, not with papers"). The group said in an official statement that the tifo was apolitical and an answer to racist jibes and cyberbullying from rival fans.^[33] The incident led to controversy between groups both for and against the NRC.^[34][35][36]

The East Bengal Ultras has been very vocal since its inception and brought football chanting to Indian football to counter traditionally abusive Kolkata football supporters and create a more positive atmosphere and a sense of belonging at games.^[5][18][21] One of the first East Bengal Ultras chants was Amra Korbo Sringojoy and Haat e Moshal, Buk e Barood; Amra Holam, Lal Holud ("We will do it and torch in hand, gunpowder in the heart, we are red and gold respectively");^[38] since then, a number of chants and slogans based on the club's fortunes have been adopted, modified and re-structured. As of 2020^[update], there are around two dozen chants and slogans. The East Bengal Ultras construct new tunes and chants every year, adapting tunes from Ultras in Europe and South America. "Dale Cavese" is one of the most famous tunes that became popular with the East Bengal Ultras. "Allez Allez Allez" sung by Liverpool F.C. fans, which was itself adapted from Un giorno all'improvviso (originally "L'estate sta finendo") sung by the S.S.C. Napoli fans, was adopted into Bengali and became popular among the supporters.^[39][40]

The 2024 Kalinga Super Cup will be remembered by all East Bengal supporters as it marked the comeback of East Bengal FC in a grand fashion, winning the major title after 12 years. The Ultras marked this tournament with great attendance. They started heating up the atmosphere with the pyro show outside the gates. Inside the stadium, their chants would overshadow their counterparts. The best moment of fan engagement came when the Ultras unveiled a banner that read "12 years of wait, the champions are here", after the final whistle. Also during post match celebrations, another Ultras' banner read "Your City, Our Rules."

• East Bengal the Real Power