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Klippe

Geological feature From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Klippe

A klippe (German for cliff or crag) is a geological feature of thrust fault terrains. The klippe is the remnant portion of a nappe after erosion has removed connecting portions of the nappe. This process results in an outlier of exotic, often nearly horizontally translated strata overlying autochthonous strata.^[1]

Thumb — Schematic overview of a thrust system. The shaded material is called a nappe. The erosional hole is called a window or fenster. The klippe is the isolated block of the nappe overlying autochthonous material.

Examples

^{[citation needed]}

Chief Mountain, Montana
Mount Yamnuska, Alberta
The Rock of Gibraltar
Acropolis of Athens, Greece
Bac Grillera, Catalonia, Spain. The nappe of which this klippe once formed part had its root in the northern part of the Pyrenees mountain range.^[2]^[3]

Klippes may also be found in the Pre-Alps of Switzerland and some of the isolated mountains in Assynt, Sutherland, in NW Scotland.^[4]

Beckov Castle, Slovakia, perched on a limestone klippe
Serra de Bac Grillera, Catalonia, Spain (Lower Jurassic limestone resting on younger autochthonous Tertiary formations)

References

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