Paraspecies
Species with co-existing daughter species From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A paraspecies (a paraphyletic species) is a species, living or fossil, that gave rise to one or more daughter species without itself becoming extinct.[1] Geographically widespread species that have given rise to one or more daughter species as peripheral isolates without themselves becoming extinct (i.e. through peripatric speciation) are examples of paraspecies.[2]
Paraspecies are expected from evolutionary theory (Crisp and Chandler, 1996), and are empirical realities in many terrestrial and aquatic taxa.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]
Examples
- A well-documented example of a living mammal species that gave rise to another living species is the evolution of the polar bear from the brown bear.[13][14]
- An example of a living reptile paraspecies is New Zealand's North Island tuatara Sphenodon punctatus, which gave rise to the Brothers Island tuatara Sphenodon guntheri.[15] An example of a living bird paraspecies is Empidonax occidentalis, the Cordilleran flycatcher.[16][17]
- An example of a living plant paraspecies is Pouteria cuspidata, the pouteria trees or eggfruits.[18]
See also
- Cladogenesis
- Anagenesis, also known as "phyletic change", where no branching event occurred (or is known to have occurred)
Notes and references
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