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35th United States Congress

1857-1859 U.S. Congress From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

35th United States Congress

The 35th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1857, to March 4, 1859, during the first two years of James Buchanan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1850 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

Quick Facts March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1859, Members ...
35th United States Congress
34th ←
→ 36th
Thumb
United States Capitol (1860)
March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1859
Members66 senators
237 representatives
7 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityDemocratic
Senate PresidentJohn C. Breckinridge (D)
House majorityDemocratic
House SpeakerJames L. Orr (D)
Sessions
Special[a]: March 4, 1857 – March 14, 1857
1st: December 7, 1857 – June 14, 1858
Special[b]: June 15, 1858 – June 16, 1858
2nd: December 6, 1858 – March 3, 1859
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Major events

See also: 1857 in the United States, 1858 in the United States, and 1859 in the United States

Major legislation

Main article: Major legislation: 35th United States Congress

Treaties

Main article: List of United States treaties

States admitted

  • May 11, 1858: Minnesota admitted as the 32nd state
  • February 14, 1859: Oregon admitted as the 33rd state

Party summary

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Perspective

Senate

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Group photo of the U.S. Senate, in 1859, during this Congress.

During this congress, two Senate seats were added for each of the new states of Minnesota and Oregon.

More information Party (shading shows control), Total ...
Party
(shading shows control)		 Total Vacant
Know
Nothing
(A)		 Democratic
(D)		Republican
(R)
End of previous congress 2 #B0CEFF"}]]}"> 40 20[c] 62 0
Begin 4 #B0CEFF"}]]}"> 37 20 61 1
End#B0CEFF"}]]}"> 42 660
Final voting share 6.1% #B0CEFF"}]]}" class="notheme"> 63.6% 30.3%
Beginning of next congress 2 #B0CEFF"}]]}"> 38 26 66 0
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House of Representatives

During this congress, two House seats were added for the new state of Minnesota and one House seat was added for the new state of Oregon.

More information Party (shading shows control), Total ...
Party
(shading shows control)		 Total Vacant
Know
Nothing
(A)		 Democratic
(D)		Independent
Democratic
(ID)		Republican
(R)		Other
End of previous congress 52 81 0 97[d] 0 230 4
Begin 14 #B0CEFF"}]]}"> 127 0 92 0 233 1
End#B0CEFF"}]]}"> 130 1 2370
Final voting share 5.9% #B0CEFF"}]]}" class="notheme"> 54.9% 0.4% 38.8% 0.0%
Beginning of next congress 6 84 7 #FFB6B6"}]]}"> 113 25 235 2
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Leadership

Senate

Thumb
President of the Senate
John C. Breckinridge

House of Representatives

Members

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Perspective

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, facing re-election in 1862; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1858; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1860.

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

More information House seats by party holding plurality in state ...
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Changes in membership

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Perspective

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate
More information State (class), Vacated by ...
Senate changes
State
(class)		 Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[e]
Tennessee
(1)		 Vacant Legislature had failed to elect.
Successor elected October 8, 1857.		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Andrew Johnson (D) October 8, 1857
South Carolina
(3)		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Andrew Butler (D) Died May 25, 1857.
Successor elected December 7, 1857.		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">James H. Hammond (D) December 7, 1857
New Hampshire
(3)		 style=\"background-color:#FFB6B6\""},{"html":""}]]}">James Bell (R) Died May 26, 1857.
Successor elected June 27, 1857.		 style=\"background-color:#FFB6B6\""},{"html":""}]]}">Daniel Clark (R) June 27, 1857
Texas
(1)		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Thomas J. Rusk (D) Died July 29, 1857.
Successor appointed November 9, 1857.		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">J. Pinckney Henderson (D) November 9, 1857
North Carolina
(3)		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Asa Biggs (D) Resigned May 5, 1858, to become judge of the U.S. District Court for the District of North Carolina.
Successor appointed May 7, 1858.
Appointee elected November 23, 1858.		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Thomas L. Clingman (D) May 7, 1858
South Carolina
(2)		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Josiah J. Evans (D) Died May 6, 1858.
Successor appointed May 11, 1858.		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Arthur P. Hayne (D) May 11, 1858
Minnesota
(1)		 New seat Minnesota admitted to the Union May 11, 1858, and its first Senators were elected that day. style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Henry M. Rice (D) May 11, 1858
Minnesota
(2)		 New seat Minnesota admitted to the Union May 11, 1858, and its first Senators were elected that day. style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">James Shields (D) May 11, 1858
Texas
(1)		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">J. Pinckney Henderson (D) Died June 4, 1858.
Successor appointed September 27, 1858.		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Matthias Ward (D) September 27, 1858
South Carolina
(2)		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Arthur P. Hayne (D) Interim appointee retired.
Successor elected December 2, 1858.		 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">James Chesnut Jr. (D) December 3, 1858
Oregon
(2)		 New seat Oregon admitted to the Union February 14, 1859, and its first Senators were elected that day. style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Delazon Smith (D) February 14, 1859
Oregon
(3)		 New seat Oregon admitted to the Union February 14, 1859, and its first Senators were elected that day. style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Joseph Lane (D) February 14, 1859
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House of Representatives

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
More information District, Vacated by ...
House changes
District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[e]
Missouri 3rd Vacant Rep. James S. Green was elected to this term but resigned after being elected in turn to the US Senate style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">John B. Clark (D) Seated December 7, 1857
Indiana 10th style=\"background-color:#FFB6B6\""},{"html":""}]]}">Samuel Brenton (R) Died March 29, 1857 style=\"background-color:#FFB6B6\""},{"html":""}]]}">Charles Case (R) Seated December 7, 1857
Pennsylvania 12th style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">John G. Montgomery (D) Died April 24, 1857 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Paul Leidy (D) Seated December 7, 1857
Indiana 1st style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">James Lockhart (D) Died September 7, 1857 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">William E. Niblack (D) Seated December 7, 1857
Massachusetts 7th style=\"background-color:#FFB6B6\""},{"html":""}]]}">Nathaniel P. Banks (R) Resigned December 24, 1857, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts style=\"background-color:#FFB6B6\""},{"html":""}]]}">Daniel W. Gooch (R) Seated January 31, 1858
North Carolina 8th style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Thomas L. Clingman (D) Resigned May 7, 1858, after being appointed to the US Senate style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Zebulon B. Vance (D) Seated December 7, 1858
Minnesota At-Large New seat Minnesota was admitted to the Union May 11, 1858 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">James M. Cavanaugh (D) Seated May 11, 1858
Minnesota Territory At-Large style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">William W. Kingsbury (D) Minnesota was admitted to the Union May 11, 1858 Seat eliminated
Minnesota At-Large New seat Minnesota was admitted to the Union May 11, 1858 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">William W. Phelps (D) Seated May 11, 1858
Ohio 3rd style=\"background-color:#FFB6B6\""},{"html":""}]]}">Lewis D. Campbell (R) Lost contested election May 25, 1858 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Clement Vallandigham (D) Seated May 25, 1858
Mississippi 5th style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">John A. Quitman (D) Died July 17, 1858 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">John J. McRae (D) Seated December 7, 1858
Pennsylvania 8th style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">J. Glancy Jones (D) Resigned October 30, 1858 style=\"background-color:#FFB6B6\""},{"html":""}]]}">William H. Keim (R) Seated December 7, 1858
Illinois 6th style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Thomas L. Harris (D) Died November 24, 1858 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Charles D. Hodges (D) Seated January 4, 1859
New York 4th style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">John Kelly (D) Resigned December 25, 1858 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Thomas J. Barr (D) Seated January 7, 1859
Oregon Territory At-Large style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">Joseph Lane (D) Oregon was admitted to the Union February 14, 1859 Seat eliminated
Oregon At-Large New seat Oregon was admitted to the Union February 14, 1859 style=\"color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF\""},{"html":""}]]}">La Fayette Grover (D) Seated February 14, 1859
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Committees

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Perspective

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

  1. [N 1]
    United States representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
  1. Special session of the Senate.
  2. Special session of the Senate.
  3. Opposition
  4. Opposition
  5. When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

References

External links

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