柏 - Wikiwand

More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...

simp. and trad.		柏
alternative forms		栢𬪎

Wikipedia has articles on:

柏科 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
柏 (Cantonese)
Pak-su (Hakka)
柏科 (Wu)

Glyph origin

More information Old Chinese ...

	Old Chinese
怕	pʰraːɡs, pʰraːɡ
帕	pʰraːɡs, mbraːd
粕	pʰaːɡ, pʰraːɡ
胉	*pʰaːɡ
泊	*baːɡ
箔	*baːɡ
魄	tʰaːɡ, pʰraːɡ
皕	*prɯɡ
伯	*praːɡ
百	*praːɡ
迫	*praːɡ
敀	praːɡ, pʰraːɡ
柏	*praːɡ
湐	*praːɡ
拍	*pʰraːɡ
珀	*pʰraːɡ
皛	pʰraːɡ, ɡeːwʔ
洦	mpʰraːɡ, mbraːɡ
白	*braːɡ
帛	*braːɡ
舶	*braːɡ
鮊	*braːɡ
陌	*mbraːɡ
帞	*mbraːɡ
袹	*mbraːɡ
蛨	*mbraːɡ
貊	*mbraːɡ
佰	*mbraːɡ
銆	*mbraːɡ
碧	praɡ, preɡ
咟	*ɦmreːɡ

Characters in the same phonetic series (白) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *praːɡ): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ).

Pronunciation 1

More information Rime, Character ...

Rime
Character	柏
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	陌 (113)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	博陌切
Baxter	paek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠæk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚak̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pak̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/pɐk̚/
Wang Li	/pɐk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pɐk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bak¹

More information Character, Reading # ...

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	柏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǎi
Middle Chinese	‹ pæk ›
Old Chinese	/*pˁrak/
English	cypress
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	柏
Reading #	1/1
No.	197
Phonetic component	白
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	伯
Old Chinese	/*praːɡ/

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bǎi, bó (bai³, bo²)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˇ, ㄅㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): paak³ / baak³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pak

(Meixian, Guangdong): bag⁵
Eastern Min (BUC): bák
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ba⁵ / beh⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): peh / peeh / pek / piak

(Teochew, Peng'im): bêh⁴
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷paq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, colloquial, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bǎi
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bǎi
  - Wade–Giles: pai³
  - Yale: bǎi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bae
  - Palladius: бай (baj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paɪ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, literary, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bó
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bó
  - Wade–Giles: po²
  - Yale: bwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
  - Palladius: бо (bo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/

Note:

Mainland:
- bó - standard only in foreign names, e.g. 柏林, 柏拉圖／柏拉图;
- bǎi - used for other senses.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: paak³ / baak³
  - Yale: paak / baak
  - Cantonese Pinyin: paak⁸ / baak⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: pag³ / bag³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːk̚³/, /paːk̚³/

Note:

paak3 - Guangzhou, Hong Kong;
baak3 - Guangzhou.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pak
  - Hakka Romanization System: bag^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bag⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /pak̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: bag⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /pak̚¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bák
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʔ²⁴/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ba⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bā
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pa²¹/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: beh⁶
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: beh
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: beh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛʔ²/

Note:

ba5 - vernacular;
beh6 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peh
  - Tâi-lô: peh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: peq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /peʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /peʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peeh
  - Tâi-lô: peeh
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɛʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pek
  - Tâi-lô: pik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: peg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /piɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piak
  - Tâi-lô: piak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: piag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /piak̚⁵/

Note:

peh/peeh - vernacular;
pek/piak - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bêh⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: peh
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /peʔ²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷paq
  - MiniDict: pah^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴paq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /paʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: paek

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤrak/

(Zhengzhang): /*praːɡ/

Definitions

柏

cypress
Alternative form of 伯
Alternative form of 迫
(～國) Bai, Bo (an ancient state in modern Henan)
(～市) Kashiwa City, a city in Japan
a surname

Compounds

側柏 / 侧柏 (cèbǎi)
刺柏 (cìbǎi)
卷柏
扁柏 (biǎnbó)
朱柏廬 / 朱柏庐
松柏 (sōngbǎi)
松柏之堅 / 松柏之坚
松柏之壽 / 松柏之寿
松柏之茂
松柏園 / 松柏园
松柏後凋 / 松柏后凋
東柏林 / 东柏林 (Dōng-Bólín)
松柏節操 / 松柏节操
松柏長青 / 松柏长青
柏京其
柏克
柏克萊 / 柏克莱
柏卡里
柏原 (Bǎiyuán)
柏吉烏斯 / 柏吉乌斯
柏塞麥 / 柏塞麦
柏子
柏府
柏拉圖 / 柏拉图 (Bólātú)
柏木 (bǎimù)
柏木油
柏林
柏林劇團 / 柏林剧团
柏林圍牆 / 柏林围墙 (Bólín Wéiqiáng)
柏林大學 / 柏林大学
柏林影展
柏林會議 / 柏林会议
柏林樂派 / 柏林乐派
柏柏人
柏格曼
柏格森
柏梁臺
柏梁詩
柏梁體
柏楊 / 柏杨 (Bǎiyáng)
柏樹 / 柏树 (bǎishù)
柏油 (bǎiyóu)
柏油紙 / 柏油纸
柏油路 (bǎiyóulù)
柏濩
柏翳
柏臺 / 柏台
柏臺烏府 / 柏台乌府
柏舟
柏舟之痛
柏舟之節 / 柏舟之节
柏舟之誓
柏舟操
柏鄉縣 / 柏乡县
柏酒
柏金
柏青哥
柏頓 / 柏顿
柏高
桂宮柏寢 / 桂宫柏寝
檉柏 / 柽柏
檜柏 / 桧柏
歲寒松柏 / 岁寒松柏
玉柏
石刁柏 (shídiāobǎi)
精忠柏
羅漢柏 / 罗汉柏
西柏林 (Xī-Bólín)
赫柏定律
都柏林 (Dūbólín)
餐松啖柏
餐松食柏
龍柏 / 龙柏

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bò, bó (bo⁴, bo²)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˋ, ㄅㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): baak³ / paak³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pak
Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): bêh⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bò
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bò
  - Wade–Giles: po⁴
  - Yale: bwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: boh
  - Palladius: бо (bo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bó
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bó
  - Wade–Giles: po²
  - Yale: bwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
  - Palladius: бо (bo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: baak³ / paak³
  - Yale: baak / paak
  - Cantonese Pinyin: baak⁸ / paak⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: bag³ / pag³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːk̚³/, /pʰaːk̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pak
  - Hakka Romanization System: bag^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bag⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /pak̚²/
Southern Min
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bêh⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: peh
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /peʔ²/

Definitions

柏

Alternative form of 檗, used in 黃柏／黄柏 (huángbò).

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01907
“柏”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 柏

柏

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

oak
(rare) Japanese nutmeg yew, kaya, Torreya nucifera

Readings

Go-on: ひゃく (hyaku)
Kan-on: はく (haku)
Kun: かしわ (kashiwa, 柏)、このてがしわ (konotegashiwa, 柏)、かえ (kae, 柏)、かや (kaya, 柏)
Nanori: かい (kai)、かし (kashi)

Compounds

柏槙(びゃくしん) (byakushin)
黄柏(おうはく) (ōhaku)
巻柏(けんぱく) (kenpaku)
香柏(こうはく) (kōhaku)
松柏(しょうはく) (shōhaku)
側柏(そくはく) (sokuhaku)

Etymology

More information Kanji in this term ...

Kanji in this term
柏
かしわ Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

More information Alternative spellings ...

Alternative spellings
槲檞

カシワ on Japanese Wikipedia

Noun

柏(かしわ) or 柏(カシワ) • (kashiwa)

daimyo oak, Quercus dentata
Synonym: 葉柏 (hagashiwa)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カシワ.

Derived terms

柏木(かしわぎ) (kashiwagi)
柏崎(かしわざき) (Kashiwazaki)
柏手(かしわで) (kashiwade)
柏鶏(かしわどり) (kashiwadori)
柏(かしわ　)の窪手(　くぼて) (kashiwa no kubote)
柏夾(かしわばさみ) (kashiwabasami)
柏原(かしわら) (Kashiwara)
柏餅(かしわもち) (kashiwa mochi)
赤柏(あかがしわ) (akagashiwa)
赤目柏(アカメガシワ) (akamegashiwa)
岩柏(いわかしわ) (iwakashiwa)
御柏(おかしわ) (okashiwa)
樟(クス)の葉柏(ハガシワ) (kusunohagashiwa)
児(コ)の手柏(デガシワ) (konodegashiwa)
蔓柏(ツルガシワ) (tsurugashiwa)
波間柏(ナミマガシワ) (namimagashiwa)
楢柏(ナラガシワ) (naragashiwa)
葉柏(はがしわ) (hagashiwa)
朴柏(ほおがしわ) (hōgashiwa)
三柏(ミツガシワ) (mitsugashiwa)
御綱柏(みつながしわ) (mitsunagashiwa)
三角柏(みつのかしわ) (mitsunokashiwa)
本柏(もとがしわ) (motogashiwa)

Proper noun

柏(かしわ) • (Kashiwa)

Kashiwa (a city in Chiba prefecture, Japan)
a female given name

柏

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

Related characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Noun

Usage notes

Derived terms

Proper noun

Korean

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character

References

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