港
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 巻
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Translingual
| Japanese | 港 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 港 |
| Traditional | 港 |
Alternative forms
Note that, as in 巷, in Chinese, the bottom is 巳, while in Japanese and Korean, the bottom is 己.
Han character
港 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水廿金山 (ETCU), four-corner 34117, composition ⿰氵巷)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 635, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17783
- Dae Jaweon: page 1042, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1668, character 7
- Unihan data for U+6E2F
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 港 | *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs |
| 巷 | *ɡroːŋs |
| 衖 | *ɡroːŋs |
| 鬨 | *ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs |
| 烘 | *qʰloːŋ, *qʰloːŋs, *ɡoːŋ, *ɡloːŋs |
| 洪 | *ɡloːŋ |
| 鉷 | *ɡloːŋ |
| 谼 | *ɡloːŋ |
| 葓 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 哄 | *ɡloːŋs |
| 蕻 | *ɡloːŋs |
| 恭 | *kloŋ |
| 供 | *kloŋ, *kloŋs |
| 龔 | *kloŋ |
| 珙 | *kloŋ, *kloŋʔ |
| 共 | *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs |
| 髸 | *kloŋ |
| 拱 | *kloŋʔ |
| 拲 | *kloŋʔ, *kloɡ |
| 蛬 | *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ |
| 栱 | *kloŋʔ |
| 輁 | *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ |
| 舼 | *ɡloŋ |
| 輂 | *kloɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs): semantic 水 (“river; water”) + phonetic 巷 (OC *ɡroːŋs).
Etymology 1
Cognate with 江 (OC *kroːŋ, “river”) (Schuessler, 2007). The southern dialectal word originally meant "small river/stream", which is still preserved in some Min languages. The irregular pronunciation in Mandarin (expected Mandarin reflex is *jiǎng) originated from southern dialects where velars have not palatalized (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gong2
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): gong2
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): kong2
- Gan (Wiktionary): gong3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): gon3
- Northern Min (KCR): gǒ̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): gē̤ng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gang3
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): gaang2
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5kaon
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gan3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: gǎng
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄤˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gǎng
- Wade–Giles: kang3
- Yale: gǎng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaang
- Palladius: ган (gan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɑŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: gang3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gang
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaŋ⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gong2
- Yale: góng
- Cantonese Pinyin: gong2
- Guangdong Romanization: gong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔːŋ³⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: gong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔŋ³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: kong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: gong3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔŋ²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kóng
- Hakka Romanization System: gongˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gong3
- Sinological IPA: /koŋ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: gongˊ
- Sinological IPA: /koŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: gon3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /kɒ̃⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gǒ̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gē̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /køyŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gang3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gang3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: gaang2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaŋ³³/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: gan3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kan⁴¹/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: kaewngX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kroːŋʔ/
Definitions
港
- tributary of a larger river or lake
- (dialectal) river
- port; harbor
- large airport
- shorthand for Hong Kong
- (colloquial) Hong Kong-styled
- (Hokkien) Classifier for fluids: stream
- a surname
Usage notes
- Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation jiǎng.
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 香港, 香港特別行政區 official, 港 short | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 香港 |
| Singapore | 香港 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 香港, 香港地, 下便, 桂枝 slang |
| Hong Kong | 香港, 香港地 | |
| Macau | 香港 | |
| Taishan | 香港 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 香港 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 香港 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 香港 |
| Tainan | 香港 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 香港 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 香港 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 香港 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 香港 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 香港 |
Compounds
- 下港 (ē-káng) (Min Nan)
- 不凍港 / 不冻港 (bùdònggǎng)
- 伸港 (Shēngǎng)
- 入港 (rùgǎng)
- 內港 / 内港
- 六港 (Liùgǎng)
- 出港 (chūgǎng)
- 北方大港
- 北港 (Běigǎng)
- 北港鎮 / 北港镇
- 千足港條 / 千足港条
- 南港 (Nángǎng)
- 卡港會議 / 卡港会议
- 商港 (shānggǎng)
- 四港 (Sìgǎng)
- 塞得港 (Sàidégǎng)
- 塘沽新港
- 外港 (wàigǎng)
- 太子港 (Tàizǐgǎng)
- 太湖港 (Tàihúgǎng)
- 安平港
- 封港
- 小港 (Xiǎogǎng, “Siaogang”)
- 工業港 / 工业港
- 巨港 (Jùgǎng)
- 布雷爾港 / 布雷尔港
- 引港 (yǐngǎng)
- 新港 (Xīngǎng)
- 新港口 (Xīngǎngkǒu)
- 新港鄉 / 新港乡
- 斷港絕潢 / 断港绝潢
- 木港 (Mùgǎng)
- 東港 / 东港 (Dōnggǎng)
- 榆林港 (Yúlíngǎng)
- 正港 (chiàⁿ-káng) (Min Nan)
- 毛家港 (Máojiāgǎng)
- 汊港 (chàgǎng)
- 河口港
- 洋港 (Yánggǎng)
- 海港 (hǎigǎng)
- 海港檢疫 / 海港检疫
- 港九 (Gǎng-Jiǔ)
- 港共 (Gǎnggòng)
- 港劇 / 港剧 (gǎngjù)
- 港務 / 港务 (gǎngwù)
- 港務局 / 港务局 (gǎngwùjú)
- 港北 (Gǎngběi)
- 港南 (Gǎngnán)
- 港口 (gǎngkǒu)
- 港商 (gǎngshāng)
- 港埠 (gǎngbù)
- 港子
- 港客
- 港尾 (Gǎngwěi)
- 港島 / 港岛 (Gǎngdǎo)
- 港市 (gǎngshì)
- 港幣 / 港币 (gǎngbì)
- 港式 (Gǎngshì)
- 港星 (gǎngxīng)
- 港汊 (gǎngchà)
- 港澳 (Gǎng-Ào)
- 港澳辦 / 港澳办 (Gǎng'àobàn)
- 港灣 / 港湾 (gǎngwān)
- 港片 (gǎngpiàn)
- 港紙 / 港纸 (gǎngzhǐ)
- 港臺 / 港台 (Gǎng-Tái)
- 港臺文學 / 港台文学
- 港警 (gǎngjǐng)
- 港豬 / 港猪 (gǎngzhū)
- 港都
- 漁港 / 渔港 (yúgǎng)
- 珍珠港 (Zhēnzhūgǎng)
- 省港大罷工 / 省港大罢工 (Shěng-Gǎng Dàbàgōng)
- 自由港 (zìyóugǎng)
- 臺中港 / 台中港
- 航空港 (hángkōnggǎng)
- 草港 (Cǎogǎng)
- 虎門港 / 虎门港
- 西港 (Xīgǎng)
- 西班牙港 (Xībānyágǎng)
- 貔子窩港 / 貔子窝港
- 赤馬港 / 赤马港 (Chìmǎgǎng)
- 超深水港
- 軍港 / 军港 (jūngǎng)
- 通商港 (tōngshānggǎng)
- 連雲港 / 连云港 (Liányúngǎng)
- 避風港 / 避风港 (bìfēnggǎng)
- 鄢港 (Yāngǎng)
- 里港 (Lǐgǎng)
- 金港 (Jīngǎng)
- 長港 / 长港 (Chánggǎng)
- 防城港 (Fángchénggǎng, “Fangchenggang”)
- 陳家港 / 陈家港 (Chénjiāgǎng)
- 陳港 / 陈港 (Chéngǎng)
- 陶港 (Táogǎng)
- 雙港 / 双港 (Shuānggǎng)
- 領港 / 领港 (lǐnggǎng)
- 香港 (Xiānggǎng)
- 香港腳 / 香港脚 (xiānggǎngjiǎo)
- 香港衫
- 馬尾港 / 马尾港
- 馬賽港 / 马赛港
- 高雄港
- 鹿港 (Lùgǎng, “Lukang”)
- 黃石港 / 黄石港 (Huángshígǎng)
- 龍港 / 龙港 (Lónggǎng)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: hòng
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hòng
- Wade–Giles: hung4
- Yale: hùng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: honq
- Palladius: хун (xun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: huwngH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡloːŋs/
Definitions
港
- Only used in 港洞.
References
- “港”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
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