環
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 环
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Translingual
Han character
環 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 一土田中女 (MGWLV), four-corner 16132, composition ⿰𤣩睘)
Derived characters
Related characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 743, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21287
- Dae Jaweon: page 1152, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1140, character 5
- Unihan data for U+74B0
Chinese
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 環 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
癏 | *kʷraːn |
擐 | *kʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns |
還 | *ɡʷraːn, *sɢʷan |
環 | *ɡʷraːn |
鬟 | *ɡʷraːn |
寰 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷeːns |
闤 | *ɡʷraːn |
糫 | *ɡʷraːn |
圜 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen |
鐶 | *ɡʷraːn |
轘 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns |
澴 | *ɡʷraːn |
繯 | *ɡʷraːns, *ɡʷeːnʔ |
檈 | *sɢʷan, *sɢʷin |
儇 | *qʰʷen |
翾 | *qʰʷen |
蠉 | *qʰʷen, *qʰʷenʔ |
嬛 | *qʰʷen, *qʷen, *ɡʷeŋ |
譞 | *qʰʷen |
懁 | *kʷeːns |
獧 | *kʷeːns |
噮 | *qʷeːns |
彋 | *ɡʷreːŋ, *ɡʷreːŋ |
睘 | *ɡʷeŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡʷraːn): semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 睘 (OC *ɡʷeŋ).
Etymology 1
Note similarities to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *hwaŋ (“to encircle; circular, fence”), whence Burmese ဝင်း (wang:, “enclosure, compound”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): huan2
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): huán
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): kuán / huán
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хуан (huan, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): fan4 / uan4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): huan1
- Northern Min (KCR): uǐng
- Eastern Min (BUC): kuàng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): koeng2 / kyoeng2 / kuang2 / kuong2 / huang2 / huong2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6gue / 2gue / 2guon
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fan2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: huán
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: huán
- Wade–Giles: huan2
- Yale: hwán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwan
- Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯än³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: huan2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xuan
- Sinological IPA (key): /xuan²¹/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: huán
- Sinological IPA (key): /xuã²⁴/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: kuán / huán
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): kuan2 / huan2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuã²⁴/, /xuã²⁴/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хуан (huan, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xuæ̃²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: waan4
- Yale: wàahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: waan4
- Guangdong Romanization: wan4
- Sinological IPA (key): /waːn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: van3 / van4
- Sinological IPA (key): /van²²/, /van²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: fan4 / uan4
- Sinological IPA (key): /fan³⁵/, /uan³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fàn / vàn / khoàn
- Hakka Romanization System: fanˇ / vanˇ / kuanˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fan2 / van2 / kuan2
- Sinological IPA: /fan¹¹/, /van¹¹/, /kʰoan¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: huan1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuæ̃¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: uǐng
- Sinological IPA (key): /uiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kuàng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuaŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: koeng2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ké̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰœŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kyoeng2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰyøŋ¹³/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kuang2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: kuáng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuaŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kuong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuoŋ¹³/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: huang2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: huáng
- Sinological IPA (key): /huaŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: huong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /huoŋ¹³/
- (Putian)
Note:
- koeng2/kyoeng2 - vernacular (“to surround; around; classifier for number of times”);
- kuang2/kuong2 - older literary;
- huang2/huong2 - newer literary.
- khoân - vernacular;
- hoân - literary.
Note:
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: hwaen
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.ɢʷˤ<r>en/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷraːn/
Definitions
環
- circle; ring; hoop
- link
- to surround
- 環繞/环绕 ― huánrào ― to surround
- 環法/环法 ― Huán Fǎ ― Tour de France
- (chemistry) ring (a group of atoms linked by bonds to form a closed chain in a molecule)
- (mathematics) ring
- (archery, shooting) ring
- a surname
Synonyms
Compounds
- 三環五扣 / 三环五扣
- 九連環 / 九连环 (jiǔliánhuán)
- 了事環 / 了事环
- 二聖環 / 二圣环
- 亨利氏環 / 亨利氏环 (hēnglìshìhuán)
- 佩環 / 佩环
- 侵蝕循環 / 侵蚀循环
- 光環 / 光环 (guānghuán)
- 公共環境 / 公共环境
- 刀環 / 刀环
- 吊環 / 吊环 (diàohuán)
- 單循環賽 / 单循环赛
- 四環素 / 四环素 (sìhuánsù)
- 圓環 / 圆环 (yuánhuán)
- 地理環境 / 地理环境
- 大循環 / 大循环
- 大氣環流 / 大气环流
- 大環境 / 大环境 (dàhuánjìng)
- 大腦動脈環 / 大脑动脉环 (dànǎodòngmàihuán)
- 天理循環 / 天理循环
- 天道循環 / 天道循环
- 套環兒 / 套环儿
- 威利氏環 / 威利氏环 (wēilìshìhuán)
- 子宮環 / 子宫环 (zǐgōnghuán)
- 小循環 / 小循环
- 居住環境 / 居住环境
- 岩石循環 / 岩石循环
- 強敵環伺 / 强敌环伺
- 彄環 / 𫸩环
- 循環 / 循环 (xúnhuán)
- 循環不息 / 循环不息 (xúnhuánbùxī)
- 循環制 / 循环制
- 循環反覆 / 循环反覆
- 循環小數 / 循环小数 (xúnhuán xiǎoshù)
- 循環系統 / 循环系统 (xúnhuán xìtǒng)
- 循環論證 / 循环论证 (xúnhuán lùnzhèng)
- 循環賽 / 循环赛
- 惡性循環 / 恶性循环 (èxìng xúnhuán)
- 扣環兒 / 扣环儿
- 拉環 / 拉环 (lāhuán)
- 指環 / 指环 (zhǐhuán)
- 日環蝕 / 日环蚀
- 景氣循環 / 景气循环 (jǐngqì xúnhuán)
- 格於環境 / 格于环境
- 氮循環 / 氮循环 (dànxúnhuán)
- 氮環 / 氮环
- 水氣循環 / 水气循环
- 法環 / 法环
- 海洋環流 / 海洋环流
- 浮環 / 浮环
- 燕瘦環肥 / 燕瘦环肥
- 獸環 / 兽环
- 玉環 / 玉环 (yùhuán)
- 瑤環瑜珥 / 瑶环瑜珥 (yáo huán yú ěr)
- 環中 / 环中
- 環伺 / 环伺 (huánsì)
- 環佩 / 环佩 (huánpèi)
- 環保 / 环保 (huánbǎo)
- 環保局 / 环保局
- 環列 / 环列
- 環坐 / 环坐
- 環城 / 环城 (Huánchéng)
- 環堵 / 环堵
- 環堵蕭然 / 环堵萧然
- 環境 / 环境 (huánjìng)
- 環境保護 / 环境保护 (huánjìng bǎohù)
- 環境工程 / 环境工程
- 環境汙染 / 环境污染 (huánjìng wūrǎn)
- 環境科學 / 环境科学 (huánjìng kēxué)
- 環境衛生 / 环境卫生
- 環境設計 / 环境设计
- 環境醫學 / 环境医学
- 環島 / 环岛 (huándǎo)
- 環幕電影 / 环幕电影
- 環形 / 环形 (huánxíng)
- 環形山 / 环形山 (huánxíngshān)
- 環拜 / 环拜
- 環抱 / 环抱 (huánbào)
- 環施 / 环施
- 環暈 / 环晕
- 環流 / 环流 (huánliú)
- 環海 / 环海
- 環深 / 环深
- 環狀剝皮 / 环状剥皮
- 環狀軟骨 / 环状软骨 (huánzhuàng ruǎngǔ)
- 環珮 / 环佩 (huánpèi)
- 環球 / 环球 (huánqiú)
- 環球時間 / 环球时间
- 環環相扣 / 环环相扣 (huánhuánxiāngkòu)
- 環砂 / 环砂 (Huánshā)
- 環視 / 环视 (huánshì)
- 環節 / 环节 (huánjié)
- 環節動物 / 环节动物 (huánjié dòngwù)
- 環繞 / 环绕
- 環繞喇叭 / 环绕喇叭
- 環肥燕瘦 / 环肥燕瘦
- 環蝕 / 环蚀
- 環行 / 环行
- 環衛 / 环卫 (huánwèi)
- 環遊 / 环游 (huányóu)
- 環顧 / 环顾 (huángù)
- 生態環境 / 生态环境 (shēngtài huánjìng)
- 白環 / 白环
- 碳循環 / 碳循环 (tànxúnhuán)
- 結草啣環 / 结草衔环 (jiécǎo xiánhuán)
- 結草銜環 / 结草衔环 (jiécǎo xiánhuán)
- 耳環 / 耳环 (ěrhuán)
- 肺循環 / 肺循环 (fèixúnhuán)
- 色環 / 色环
- 花環 / 花环 (huāhuán)
- 菲洛普環 / 菲洛普环
- 血循環 / 血循环 (xuèxúnhuán)
- 血液循環 / 血液循环
- 記號環 / 记号环
- 豹環 / 豹环
- 豹頭環眼 / 豹头环眼 (bàotóuhuányǎn)
- 賜環 / 赐环
- 轍環天下 / 辙环天下
- 迴環 / 回环 (huíhuán)
- 迴環轉折 / 回环转折
- 連環 / 连环 (liánhuán)
- 連環圖畫 / 连环图画
- 連環套 / 连环套
- 連環扣 / 连环扣
- 連環畫 / 连环画 (liánhuánhuà)
- 連環計 / 连环计 (liánhuánjì)
- 連環車禍 / 连环车祸 (liánhuán chēhuò)
- 重環紋 / 重环纹
- 銜環 / 衔环 (xiánhuán)
- 銜環結草 / 衔环结草
- 銀環蛇 / 银环蛇 (yínhuánshé)
- 鐵環 / 铁环
- 門環子 / 门环子 (ménhuánzi)
- 阿環 / 阿环
- 險象環生 / 险象环生 (xiǎnxiànghuánshēng)
- 雙環 / 双环
- 頓劍搖環 / 顿剑摇环
- 食環署 / 食环署 (Shíhuánshǔ)
- 體循環 / 体循环 (tǐxúnhuán)
- 黃雀銜環 / 黄雀衔环
- 齊后破環 / 齐后破环
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Cantonese 灣/湾 (waan1-4, “bay”), used in certain place names. The low-falling tone change is possibly borrowed from Siyi Yue (Lau and Tang, 2020).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: huán
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: huán
- Wade–Giles: huan2
- Yale: hwán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwan
- Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯än³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: waan4
- Yale: wàahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: waan4
- Guangdong Romanization: wan4
- Sinological IPA (key): /waːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Wu
Definitions
環
Compounds
References
- “環”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “环”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 317.
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “环”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
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