鞋
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 鞵
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Translingual
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Han character
鞋 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿十土土 (TJGG), four-corner 44514, composition ⿰革圭)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1387, character 22
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42813
- Dae Jaweon: page 1902, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4333, character 2
- Unihan data for U+978B
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 鞋 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
 |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 街 | *kreː, *kreː |
| 鞋 | *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː |
| 娾 | *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ |
| 佳 | *kreː |
| 鮭 | *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 涯 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 崖 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 啀 | *ŋreː |
| 厓 | *ŋreː |
| 捱 | *ŋreː |
| 睚 | *ŋreːs |
| 娃 | *qreː |
| 洼 | *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː |
| 哇 | *qreː, *qʷraː |
| 胿 | *ɡeː, *kʷeː |
| 溎 | *qeːns |
| 觟 | *ɡʷraːʔ |
| 黊 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː |
| 蘳 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe |
| 蛙 | *qʷraː, *qʷreː |
| 窪 | *qʷraː |
| 卦 | *kʷreːs |
| 挂 | *kʷreːs |
| 掛 | *kʷreːs |
| 詿 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs |
| 罣 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs |
| 絓 | *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs |
| 鼃 | *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː |
| 圭 | *kʷeː |
| 珪 | *kʷeː |
| 邽 | *kʷeː |
| 閨 | *kʷeː |
| 袿 | *kʷeː |
| 窐 | *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː |
| 茥 | *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 桂 | *kʷeːs |
| 筀 | *kʷeːs |
| 奎 | *kʰʷeː |
| 刲 | *kʰʷeː |
| 蝰 | *kʰʷeː |
| 楏 | *kʰʷeː |
| 睳 | *qʰʷeː |
| 畦 | *ɡʷeː |
| 眭 | *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi |
| 烓 | *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 跬 | *kʰʷeʔ |
| 恚 | *qʷes |
| 硅 | *qʰʷreɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː): semantic 革 (“leather”) + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː) – leather shoes. Originally written as 鞵.
Originally, the phonetic component is not related to the concept of earth (土) since in its original form it represents a pair of ritual axes perhaps made of jade 士. Hence, the link to the concept of earth in this character either comes from folk etymology or its appearance in the Small Seal script.
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hai2
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): hái
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): xié
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хэ (he, I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): haai4
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): haai4
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): hai3
- Gan (Wiktionary): hai2
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): hai1
- Northern Min (KCR): ǎi
- Eastern Min (BUC): à̤
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): e2
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): haai4
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gha
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): hai2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xié
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sié
- Wade–Giles: hsieh2
- Yale: syé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
- Palladius: се (se)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: hai2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xai
- Sinological IPA (key): /xai²¹/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: hái
- Sinological IPA (key): /xæ²⁴/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: xié
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): xie2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕie²⁴/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хэ (he, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xɛ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: haai4
- Yale: hàaih
- Cantonese Pinyin: haai4
- Guangdong Romanization: hai4
- Sinological IPA (key): /haːi̯²¹/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: haai4
- Sinological IPA (key): /hai²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hai3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hai²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: hai2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hai²⁴/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hài
- Hakka Romanization System: haiˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hai2
- Sinological IPA: /hai̯¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: hai
- Sinological IPA: /hai⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: hai1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /xai¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ǎi
- Sinological IPA (key): /ai²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: à̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɛ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: e2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: á̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /e¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- ê/ôe/êre - vernacular;
- hâi - literary.
- oi5 - vernacular;
- hai5 - literary.
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: haai4
- Sinological IPA (key): /hai²¹/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: hai2
- Sinological IPA (key): /xai̯¹³/
- (Changsha)
Note:
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: hea, heaj
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤre/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡreː/
Definitions
鞋
Synonyms
Compounds
- 上鞋 (shàngxié)
- 便鞋 (biànxié)
- 僧鞋
- 八搭麻鞋
- 八答鞋
- 八答麻鞋
- 冇鞋輓屐走 / 冇鞋挽屐走
- 冰鞋 (bīngxié)
- 合色鞋
- 坤鞋
- 多耳麻鞋
- 套鞋 (tàoxié)
- 女鞋
- 小鞋 (xiǎoxié)
- 布襪青鞋 / 布袜青鞋
- 布鞋 (bùxié)
- 平底鞋 (píngdǐxié)
- 平頭鞋 / 平头鞋
- 弓鞋 (gōngxié)
- 扱鞋
- 拖鞋 (tuōxié)
- 提鞋
- 搞破鞋
- 撒鞋
- 木鞋 (mùxié)
- 毛窩鞋 / 毛窝鞋
- 油鞋
- 泥鞋窄襪 / 泥鞋窄袜
- 涼鞋 / 凉鞋 (liángxié)
- 溜冰鞋 (liūbīngxié)
- 玻璃小鞋
- 球鞋 (qiúxié)
- 甜鞋淨襪 / 甜鞋净袜
- 甩大鞋
- 皁鞋 / 皂鞋
- 皮鞋 (píxié)
- 睡鞋
- 破鞋 (pòxié)
- 筍鞋 / 笋鞋
- 篛帽芒鞋 / 箬帽芒鞋
- 紅繡鞋 / 红绣鞋
- 納鞋底 / 纳鞋底
- 絲鞋淨襪 / 丝鞋净袜
- 線鞋 / 线鞋
- 繡鞋 / 绣鞋 (xiùxié)
- 膠鞋 / 胶鞋 (jiāoxié)
- 芒鞋 (mángxié)
- 草鞋 (cǎoxié)
- 草鞋親 / 草鞋亲
- 草鞋錢 / 草鞋钱
- 蒲鞋
- 虎頭鞋 / 虎头鞋 (hǔtóuxié)
- 跑鞋 (pǎoxié)
- 踏破鐵鞋 / 踏破铁鞋 (tàpòtiěxié)
- 達公鞋 / 达公鞋
- 運動鞋 / 运动鞋 (yùndòngxié)
- 釘鞋 / 钉鞋
- 錦鞋 / 锦鞋
- 鐵鞋 / 铁鞋
- 雨鞋 (yǔxié)
- 青鞋布襪 / 青鞋布袜
- 靸鞋
- 鞋刷 (xiéshuā)
- 鞋刷兒 / 鞋刷儿
- 鞋匠 (xiéjiàng)
- 鞋口
- 鞋墊 / 鞋垫 (xiédiàn)
- 鞋墊兒 / 鞋垫儿
- 鞋子 (xiézi)
- 鞋尖
- 鞋尖兒 / 鞋尖儿
- 鞋帶 / 鞋带 (xiédài)
- 鞋帶兒 / 鞋带儿 (xiédàir)
- 鞋幫 / 鞋帮 (xiébāng)
- 鞋幫兒 / 鞋帮儿 (xiébāngr)
- 鞋底 (xiédǐ)
- 鞋底兒 / 鞋底儿
- 鞋底錢 / 鞋底钱
- 鞋扇
- 鞋拔子 (xiébázi)
- 鞋楦子
- 鞋油 (xiéyóu)
- 鞋眼
- 鞋眼兒 / 鞋眼儿
- 鞋粉
- 鞋臉 / 鞋脸
- 鞋號 / 鞋号 (xiéhào)
- 鞋裡 / 鞋里
- 鞋跟 (xiégēn)
- 鞋跟兒 / 鞋跟儿
- 鞋鋪 / 鞋铺
- 鞋面 (xiémiàn)
- 鞋面兒 / 鞋面儿
- 鞋鞋腳腳 / 鞋鞋脚脚
- 鞋類 / 鞋类 (xiélèi)
- 高底鞋
- 高跟鞋 (gāogēnxié)
- 鳳頭鞋 / 凤头鞋
- 麻鞋
Descendants
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 鞋 – see 嚡 (“rough; coarse; sigh; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 嚡). |
References
- “鞋”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
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