-ai
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "ai"
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ai
- forms the first-person singular past historic indicative form of an -er verb
Hungarian
Etymology
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ai
- possessive suffix for multiple possessions:
- (with no noun for possessor) his, her, its ……-s (third-person singular; the pronoun ő (“s/he”) being optional for emphasis)
- ház (“house”) → a házai (“his/her/its houses”), az ő házai (“his/her houses”)
- játék (“toy”) → a játékai (“his/her/its toys”), az ő játékai (“his/her toys”)
- (with no noun for possessor, formal) your ……-s (second-person singular, grammatically resembling the third person sg.)
- ház (“house”) → a házai (“your [formal] houses”), az ön házai, a maga házai (“your [formal] houses”)
- construed with a noun or certain pronouns as the possessor: ……’s ……-s, ……-s of …… (third-person sg. or pl., depending on the noun or pronoun)
- az ember(nek a) házai ― the person’s houses
- a gyerek(nek a) játékai ― the child’s toys
- az emberek(nek a) házai ― the people’s houses
- a gyerekek(nek a) játékai ― the children’s toys
- az önök házai, a maguk házai ― your (plural, formal) houses
- azok(nak a) házai ― the houses of those
- ki(k)nek a játékai? ― whose toys?
- (with no noun for possessor) his, her, its ……-s (third-person singular; the pronoun ő (“s/he”) being optional for emphasis)
Usage notes
- (possessive suffix) Variants:
- -i is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-; final -e changes to -é-. The latter feature distinguishes it from the -i (adjective-forming suffix), which does not lengthen the preceding -a/-e.
- -ai is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -ei is added to some front-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -jai is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i
- -jei is added to some front-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i
- If the possessed noun is in the plural and the possessor is expressed in English with a possessive pronoun only (rather than a noun), e.g. “their toys” (as opposed to “the children’s toys”), the -ik/-aik/-eik/-jaik/-jeik suffixes are required in Hungarian.
See also
Italian
Japanese
Portuguese
Sardinian
Welsh
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