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ful

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: fúl, fûl, fül, -ful, and ful-

Translingual

Symbol

ful

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Fula.

Catalan

Catalan Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ca

Etymology

Borrowed from Fula 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫.

Adjective

ful (invariable)

  1. (relational) of Fula

Noun

ful m (uncountable)

  1. Fula

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz, cognate with Swedish ful, English foul, German faul, Dutch vuil.

Pronunciation

Adjective

ful (neuter fult, plural and definite singular attributive fule)

  1. (dated) nasty, ugly

Korlai Creole Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Marathi फूल (phūl).

Noun

ful

  1. flower

References

Maltese

Etymology

From Arabic فُول (fūl).

Pronunciation

Noun

ful m (collective, singulative fula, paucal fuliet)

  1. broad bean, broad beans

See also

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English full, from Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós.

Alternative forms

Adverb

ful

  1. very; much; to a great extent
    • 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:
      And I seide, "Ser, in his tyme maister Ioon Wiclef was holden of ful many men the grettis clerk that thei knewen lyuynge vpon erthe. And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge. […]
      And I said, "Sir, in his time master John Wycliffe was held by very many men the greatest clerk that they knew living upon earth. And with this he was named, as I believe worthily, an excellent ruly and innocent man in all his living. […]
  2. full
    • ca. 1384, John Wycliffe, Wycliffe Bible (translation from the Vulgate), Genesis 25:8
      and failynge he was deed in a good elde, and of greet age, and ful of dayes, and he was gaderyd to his puple.
      and failing he was dead in a good old [age], and of great age, and full of days, and he was gathered to his people.
Derived terms
Descendants
  • English: full
  • Scots: fou, full
  • Yola: vull
References

Etymology 2

Noun

ful

  1. Alternative form of fulle

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz.

Pronunciation

Adjective

ful (masculine and feminine ful, neuter fult, definite singular and plural fule, comparative fulere, indefinite superlative fulest, definite superlative fuleste)

  1. clever, sly

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz.

Adjective

ful (neuter fult, definite singular and plural fule, comparative fulare, indefinite superlative fulast, definite superlative fulaste)

  1. clever, sly

References

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *full.

Pronunciation

Adjective

ful

  1. Alternative form of full
Declension
More information Singular, Masculine ...
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ful ful ful
Accusative fulne fulle ful
Genitive fulles fulre fulles
Dative fullum fulre fullum
Instrumental fulle fulre fulle
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fulle fulla, fulle ful
Accusative fulle fulla, fulle ful
Genitive fulra fulra fulra
Dative fullum fullum fullum
Instrumental fullum fullum fullum
Close
Declension of ful — Strong
More information Singular, Masculine ...
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fulla fulle fulle
Accusative fullan fullan fulle
Genitive fullan fullan fullan
Dative fullan fullan fullan
Instrumental fullan fullan fullan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fullan fullan fullan
Accusative fullan fullan fullan
Genitive fulra, fullena fulra, fullena fulra, fullena
Dative fullum fullum fullum
Instrumental fullum fullum fullum
Close
Declension of ful — Weak

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *fūl.

Pronunciation

Adjective

fūl

  1. foul (dirty, stinking, vile, corrupt)
Declension
More information Singular, Masculine ...
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fūl fūl fūl
Accusative fūlne fūle fūl
Genitive fūles fūlre fūles
Dative fūlum fūlre fūlum
Instrumental fūle fūlre fūle
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fūle fūla, fūle fūl
Accusative fūle fūla, fūle fūl
Genitive fūlra fūlra fūlra
Dative fūlum fūlum fūlum
Instrumental fūlum fūlum fūlum
Close
Declension of fūl — Strong
More information Singular, Masculine ...
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fūla fūle fūle
Accusative fūlan fūlan fūle
Genitive fūlan fūlan fūlan
Dative fūlan fūlan fūlan
Instrumental fūlan fūlan fūlan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fūlan fūlan fūlan
Accusative fūlan fūlan fūlan
Genitive fūlra, fūlena fūlra, fūlena fūlra, fūlena
Dative fūlum fūlum fūlum
Instrumental fūlum fūlum fūlum
Close
Declension of fūl — Weak
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 3

Possibly from Proto-West Germanic *full

Adverb

ful

  1. very, well
    • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Agnes, Virgin"
      ...and ful leof þam casere for his micclan sige þeah þe he nære gefullod .
      ...and very dear to the emperor for his great victory, though he was not baptized.

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *full.

Adjective

ful

  1. full

Descendants

  • North Frisian:
    Föhr-Amrum: fol
  • West Frisian: fol

Old Irish

Pronunciation

Verb

·ful

  1. third-person singular present subjunctive prototonic of fo·loing

Derived terms

Mutation

More information radical, lenition ...
Mutation of ful
radicallenitionnasalization
·ful ·ḟul ·ful
pronounced with /-β(ʲ)-/
Close

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós.

Adjective

ful

  1. full

Declension

More information Strong declension, singular ...
Declension of ful
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative ful ful ful fulle fullu fulle
accusative fullana ful fulla fulle fullu fulle
genitive fulles fulles fullaro fullarō fullarō fullarō
dative fullumu fullumu fullaro fullum fullum fullum
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine
nominative fullo fulla fulla fullu
accusative fullun fulla fullun fullun
genitive fullun fullun fullun fullonō
dative fullun fullun fullun fullum
Close

Descendants

Plautdietsch

Adjective

ful

  1. foul, rotten, putrid
  2. lazy, shiftless, indolent, slothful

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈful/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ul
  • Syllabification: ful

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English full. Doublet of pełny and plenum.

Alternative forms

Adjective

ful (not comparable, no derived adverb)

  1. (colloquial) full

Noun

ful m inan

  1. (poker) full house
  2. (colloquial) stout, porter (beer with mid-high hop and alcohol levels)
  3. (colloquial) full house (situation in which a place is filled with people to its maximum capacity)
    Synonym: komplet
Declension
More information singular, plural ...
singular plural
nominative ful fule
genitive fulu fuli
dative fulowi fulom
accusative ful fule
instrumental fulem fulami
locative fulu fulach
vocative fulu fule
Close
Declension of ful

Numeral

ful

  1. (colloquial) full

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic فُول (fūl).

Noun

ful m inan

  1. type of heavily spiced Egyptian fava bean paste (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
Declension
More information singular, plural ...
singular plural
nominative ful fule
genitive fula/fulu fuli
dative fulowi fulom
accusative ful fule
instrumental fulem fulami
locative fulu fulach
vocative fulu fule
Close
Declension of ful

Further reading

  • ful in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ful in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from English full.

Noun

ful n (plural fuluri)

  1. (poker) full house

Declension

More information singular, plural ...
Declension of ful
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative ful fulul fuluri fulurile
genitive-dative ful fulului fuluri fulurilor
vocative fulule fulurilor
Close

Saterland Frisian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /fʊl/
  • Hyphenation: ful
  • Rhymes: -ʊl

Etymology 1

From Old Frisian full, from Proto-West Germanic *full. Cognates include West Frisian fol and German voll.

Adjective

ful (masculine fullen, feminine, plural or definite fulle, comparative fuller, superlative fulst)

  1. full
Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of “full”): loos

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronoun

ful

  1. Unstressed form of fúul

References

  • Marron C. Fort (2015) “ful”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN
  • Marron C. Fort (2015) “fúul”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Spanish

Etymology

Of Germanic origin.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈful/ [ˈful]
  • Rhymes: -ul
  • Syllabification: ful

Adjective

ful (invariable)

  1. (slang) cheap, fake

Derived terms

Further reading

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Etymology

From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz. Compare English foul, Dutch vuil, German faul.

Pronunciation

Adjective

ful (comparative fulare, superlative fulast)

  1. ugly; of displeasing appearance
    Det var den fulaste unge jag någonsin sett
    That's the ugliest kid I've ever seen
    • 1994, “Älska mig [Love me]”, in Sanningens morgon [The morning of truth]‎, performed by Köttgrottorna:
      Jag blir äldre och mindre attraktiv. Rent ut sagt fulare. Åren går så fort att jag har svårt att följa med. Jag byter punkfrisyr mot munkfrisyr och ansiktet det skrynklar ihop sig. Men mina egocentriska behov, de kvarstår år efter år.
      I'm getting older and less attractive. Uglier, to put it bluntly. The years go by so fast that I have a hard time keeping up. I exchange punk hairdo for monk hairdo and my face [it – redundant] crumples up. But my egocentric needs, they remain year after year.
  2. dirty, bad; something contradictory to norms and rules
    Larsson gjorde en riktigt ful tackling
    Larsson pulled off a really dirty tackle
    ett fult ord
    a bad word
  3. prefix indicating a state of low or lesser quality: an ironic opposite of fin (“fine, elegant”).
    • 2000, Mikael Niemi, Populärmusik från Vittula p. 35; English translation by Laurie Thompson: Popular Music from Vittula (2003), p. 36.
      Hukande tassade han fram till predikstolen, en skygg liten gosse med fulsnaggat hår.
      Shoulders hunched, he tip-toed toward the pulpit, a bashful little boy with an awful haircut.

Declension

More information Indefinite, positive ...
Inflection of ful
Indefinite positive comparative superlative1
common singular ful fulare fulast
neuter singular fult fulare fulast
plural fula fulare fulast
masculine plural2 fule fulare fulast
Definite positive comparative superlative
masculine singular3 fule fulare fulaste
all fula fulare fulaste
Close

1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
2 Dated or archaic.
3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Derived terms

References

Anagrams

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English fool.

Noun

ful

  1. fool

Volapük

Noun

ful (nominative plural fuls)

  1. fullness

Declension

More information singular, plural ...
Declension of ful
singular plural
nominative ful fuls
genitive fula fulas
dative fule fules
accusative fuli fulis
vocative 1 o ful! o fuls!
predicative 2 fulu fulus
Close

1 status as a case is disputed
2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

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