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hier

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: Hier, Hiër, hièr, and hier-

Afrikaans

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Dutch hier, from Middle Dutch hier, from Old Dutch hier, from Proto-Germanic *hē₂r.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɦir/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ir
  • Hyphenation: hier

Adverb

hier

  1. here

Derived terms

Danish

Noun

hier n

  1. indefinite plural of hi

Dutch

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Dutch hier, from Old Dutch hier, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr, from Proto-Germanic *hē₂r.

Pronunciation

Adverb

hier

  1. here
    Dit restaurant ziet er leuk uit, zullen we hier eten?
    This restaurant looks nice, shall we eat here?
  2. pronominal adverb form of dit; this
    Meneer, u moet hier nog voor betalen!
    Sir, you still have to pay for this!

Usage notes

With a preposition, hier is used instead of dit to create a pronominal adverb. See also Category:Dutch pronominal adverbs.

Derived terms

See also Category:Dutch pronominal adverbs.

Descendants

  • Afrikaans: hier
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: hiri
  • Jersey Dutch: hîr, hî
  • Negerhollands: hier, hie, hi

See also

French

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old French ier, from Latin herī.

Pronunciation

Adverb

hier

  1. yesterday
    • 2001, Elisabeth de Fontenay, Diderot ou le matérialisme enchanté:
      […] car il nous appartient que les choses changent dans le sens du meilleur, d’un meilleur peut-être précaire, et qui pourrait s’énoncer par cette maxime : mieux que rien, mieux qu’hier et mieux qu’aujourd’hui.
      […] because it's up to us to change things for the better — a perhaps precarious better — and which could be stated by this maxim: better than nothing, better than yesterday, and better than today.
Coordinate terms
More information Dates relative to today in French (layout · text) ...
Dates relative to today in French (layout · text)
–3 –2 –1 0 +1 +2 +3
direct speech three days ago two days ago yesterday today tomorrow in two days in three days
avant-avant-hier avant-hier hier aujourd’hui demain après-demain après-après-demain
reported speech three days before, three days earlier two days before, two days earlier the day before on that day the next day two days later three days later
trois jours plus tôt l’avant-veille la veille ce jour-là le lendemain le surlendemain trois jours plus tard
Close
Derived terms
Descendants

Further reading

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

hier

  1. (obsolete) to stamp with a rod (hie)
Conjugation
More information infinitive, simple ...
infinitive simple hier
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple hiant
/jɑ̃/ or /i.ɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle hié
/je/ or /i.e/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present hie
/i/		 hies
/i/		 hie
/i/		 hions
/jɔ̃/ or /i.ɔ̃/		 hiez
/je/ or /i.e/		 hient
/i/
imperfect hiais
/jɛ/ or /i.ɛ/		 hiais
/jɛ/ or /i.ɛ/		 hiait
/jɛ/ or /i.ɛ/		 hiions
/i.jɔ̃/		 hiiez
/i.je/		 hiaient
/jɛ/ or /i.ɛ/
past historic2 hiai
/je/ or /i.e/		 hias
/ja/ or /i.a/		 hia
/ja/ or /i.a/		 hiâmes
/jam/ or /i.am/		 hiâtes
/jat/ or /i.at/		 hièrent
/jɛʁ/ or /i.ɛʁ/
future hierai
/i.ʁe/ or /i.ə.ʁe/		 hieras
/i.ʁa/ or /i.ə.ʁa/		 hiera
/i.ʁa/ or /i.ə.ʁa/		 hierons
/i.ʁɔ̃/ or /i.ə.ʁɔ̃/		 hierez
/i.ʁe/ or /i.ə.ʁe/		 hieront
/i.ʁɔ̃/ or /i.ə.ʁɔ̃/
conditional hierais
/i.ʁɛ/ or /i.ə.ʁɛ/		 hierais
/i.ʁɛ/ or /i.ə.ʁɛ/		 hierait
/i.ʁɛ/ or /i.ə.ʁɛ/		 hierions
/i.ʁjɔ̃/ or /i.ə.ʁjɔ̃/		 hieriez
/i.ʁje/ or /i.ə.ʁje/		 hieraient
/i.ʁɛ/ or /i.ə.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present hie
/i/		 hies
/i/		 hie
/i/		 hiions
/i.jɔ̃/		 hiiez
/i.je/		 hient
/i/
imperfect2 hiasse
/jas/ or /i.as/		 hiasses
/jas/ or /i.as/		 hiât
/ja/ or /i.a/		 hiassions
/ja.sjɔ̃/ or /i.a.sjɔ̃/		 hiassiez
/ja.sje/ or /i.a.sje/		 hiassent
/jas/ or /i.as/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — hie
/i/		 — hions
/jɔ̃/ or /i.ɔ̃/		 hiez
/je/ or /i.e/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
past historic → present perfect
past anterior → pluperfect
imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Close
Conjugation of hier (see also Appendix:French verbs)

German

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle High German hier, from Old High German hier, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr. Cognate with Dutch hier, English here, Swedish här.

The predominant form in Middle High German and throughout modern dialects of High German is hie (and variants) with loss of the final -r. The form hier began to gain ground from the late 16th century (in spite of Luther’s usage), which may point to influence by cognate Middle Low German hīr, hēr (where no r-less form seems to exist; but compare modern Limburgish heej).

Pronunciation

Adverb

hier

  1. (location) here; in this place; refers to an environment one is currently in, or to something within reach
    Ich bin hier in diesem Dorf geboren. ― I was born here in this village.
    Setzen wir uns hier aufs Sofa. ― Let’s sit down here on the sofa.
  2. (location) there; right there; in that place; refers to something that is considered nearby, or can be seen and pointed at
    Synonym: da
    Die Kirche ist gleich hier am Ende der Straße. ― The church is right there at the end of the street.
    Siehst du die Wolke hier neben der Bergspitze? ― Can you see that cloud there next to the mountain top?
  3. (abstract) here (within this context)
    Die Frist wurde hier überhaupt nicht erwähnt. ― The deadline was not mentioned here at all.
  4. used with the definite article or the determiner dieser (“this, that”) to express proximity (“this”)
    Die Kneipe hier ist sehr beliebt. ― This pub is very popular.
    Hier der Stuhl ist kaputt. ― This chair is broken.
    Dieser Schrank hier ist 200 Jahre alt. ― This cupboard is 200 years old.

Derived terms

See also

Interjection

hier

  1. (colloquial) Used for emphasis or to call for attention, often when changing the subject
    Hier, der Markus ist doch jetzt auch verheiratet, ne?
    Hey, wait, Markus is married now, too, isn't he?

Further reading

  • “hier” in Duden online
  • “hier” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Hunsrik

Alternative forms

  • hiir (Wiesemann spelling system)

Etymology

From Middle High German hier, from Old High German hier, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr.

Pronunciation

Adverb

hier

  1. here
    Bleib en bissje hier.
    Stay here for a while.

Synonyms

Further reading

Luxembourgish

Etymology

From Middle High German her, from Old High German hera. Compare German her.

Pronunciation

Adverb

hier

  1. here; hither (to this place)

See also

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch hier, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr.

Pronunciation

Adverb

hier

  1. here, in this place
  2. to here, hither
  3. now, at this time

Descendants

Further reading

Middle English

Noun

hier

  1. Alternative form of hire (“wages”)

Old English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xi͜yːr/, [hi͜yːr]

Verb

hīer

  1. singular imperative of hīeran

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic хиер (xijer).

Noun

hier m (plural hieri)

  1. the name of the "h" in the Cyrillic alphabet

Declension

More information singular, plural ...
Declension of hier
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative hier hierul hieri hierii
genitive-dative hier hierului hieri hierilor
vocative hierule hierilor
Close

Saterland Frisian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /hir/
  • Hyphenation: hier
  • Rhymes: -ir

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronoun

hier

  1. oblique of ju; her
  2. oblique of jo; them
See also
More information subject case, object case ...
Saterland Frisian personal pronouns
subject case object case
stressed unstressed
singular 1st iek mie
2nd du die
3rd m hie er him
f ju ze hier
n dät et dät
plural 1st wie uus
2nd jie jou
3rd jo ze hier
Close

Etymology 2

From Old Frisian hīr, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr. Cognates include West Frisian hjir and German hier.

Adverb

hier

  1. here

References

  • Marron C. Fort (2015) “hier”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Slovak

Pronunciation

Noun

hier

  1. genitive plural of hra

West Frisian

Etymology 1

From Old Frisian hēr.

Noun

hier n or c (plural hierren, diminutive hierke)

  1. hair
Further reading
  • “hier (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Etymology 2

From Old Frisian hēre, from Proto-West Germanic *hūʀiju.

Noun

hier c (plural hieren)

  1. hire
  2. rent, rental
Further reading
  • “hier (II)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

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