irar
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Ido
Etymology
Borrowed from Esperanto iri, Spanish ir, and found in future and conditional forms of French aller, from Latin īre.
Pronunciation
Verb
irar (present tense iras, past tense iris, future tense iros, imperative irez, conditional irus)
- (ambitransitive) to go
- On iras de Paris a London, parte per fervoyo, parte per navo.
- One goes from Paris to London, in part by railway, in part by boat.
- Li iris penigiva voyo.
- They went a wearisome way.
Usage notes
The term is general and does not describe the way of which the subject goes, it can be by walking, running, flying, teleporting, etc. or by several means. Marchar is used for "to walk".
The term is most often intransitive, but can be transitive (see the second example).
Conjugation
 |
present | past | future | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | irar | irir | iror | ||||
| tense | iras | iris | iros | ||||
| conditional | irus | — | — | ||||
| imperative | irez | — | — | ||||
| adjective active participle | iranta | irinta | ironta | ||||
| adverbial active participle | irante | irinte | ironte | ||||
| nominal active participle |
singular | iranto | irinto | ironto | |||
| plural | iranti | irinti | ironti | ||||
| adjective passive participle | irata | irita | irota | ||||
| adverbial passive participle | irate | irite | irote | ||||
| nominal passive participle |
singular | irato | irito | iroto | |||
| plural | irati | iriti | iroti | ||||
Derived terms
- adirar (“to go to, toward; to approach”)
- alongirar (“to go along, skirt, coast”)
- avanirar (“to advance, go forward”)
- biciklirar (“to bicycle”)
- cirkumirar (“to go or wind around (as an obstacle)”)
- cirkumiro (“circuitous way, detour”)
- dopirar (“to come after (not necessarily "to follow")”)
- ekirar (“to exit, go out, get out”)
- ekrelirar (“to go off the track”)
- enirar (“to enter, come in”)
- enireyo (“entrance”)
- enirigar (“to admit, (make to) enter, show, let in, drag in, send in, tuck in”)
- eniro (“entering, entree”)
- flankirar (“to go aside”)
- forirar (“to go away”)
- -irar
- iro (“going; passage”)
- misirar (“to go astray, lose one’s way”)
- netrairebla (“impassable”)
- parirar (“to go through (to end or destination)”)
- pedirala (“pedestrian”)
- pedirante (“on foot”)
- pediranto (“pedestrian”)
- pedirar (“to go on foot”)
- pedirero (“pedestrian”)
- preirar (“to precede, go before, go first or in front of”)
- preterirar (“to pass (by), go beyond; (fig.) to overreach”)
- retroirar (“to go back, to retrograde, fall back (as of troops), retreat, to back (of carriages)”)
- retroirigo (“retrogression”)
- retroiro (“retrogression”)
- rienirar (“to re-enter”)
- ritrairar (“to recross, traverse again”)
- rondirar (“to go around, circulate”)
- rondiro (“round, circuit”)
- seglirar (“to sail, go sailing”)
- superirar (“to go over, to rise above; (fig.) to surpass”)
- trairar (“to go, travel through”)
- transirar (“to go across (to the other side), to traverse”)
- veturirar (“to go, travel, drive in a vehicle”)
References
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
irar m
- indefinite plural of ire
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *eriros (compare Welsh eryr, Breton erer), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“large bird”).
Pronunciation
Noun
irar m (genitive irair, nominative plural irair)
Inflection
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
- H = triggers aspiration
- L = triggers lenition
- N = triggers nasalization
Descendants
Mutation
| radical | lenition | nasalization |
|---|---|---|
| irar (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) |
unchanged | n-irar |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 ilar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Portuguese
Etymology
Pronunciation
Verb
irar (first-person singular present iro, first-person singular preterite irei, past participle irado)
Conjugation
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | irar | |||||
| Personal | irar | irares | irar | irarmos | irardes | irarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| irando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | irado | irados | ||||
| Feminine | irada | iradas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | iro | iras | ira | iramos | irais | iram |
| Imperfect | irava | iravas | irava | irávamos | iráveis | iravam |
| Preterite | irei | iraste | irou | iramos1, irámos2 | irastes | iraram |
| Pluperfect | irara | iraras | irara | iráramos | iráreis | iraram |
| Future | irarei | irarás | irará | iraremos | irareis | irarão |
| Conditional | iraria | irarias | iraria | iraríamos | iraríeis | irariam |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | ire | ires | ire | iremos | ireis | irem |
| Imperfect | irasse | irasses | irasse | irássemos | irásseis | irassem |
| Future | irar | irares | irar | irarmos | irardes | irarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | ira | ire | iremos | irai | irem | |
| Negative (não) | não ires | não ire | não iremos | não ireis | não irem | |
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Related terms
Further reading
- “irar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
- “irar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
Tarifit
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Verb
irar (Tifinagh spelling ⵉⵔⴰⵔ)
- (transitive) to play, to amuse
- (intransitive) to mock
- (intransitive) to joke
- (intransitive) to deceive, to trick
- (intransitive) to defile, to take advantage of (a woman)
Conjugation
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
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