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isern

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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Middle High German

Alternative forms

Etymology

    Inherited from Old High German īsarn, from Proto-West Germanic *īsarn, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈiːs̠ərn/

    Noun

    īsern n

    1. iron

    Declension

    More information singular, plural ...
    Declension of īsern (strong neuter with null plural)

    Descendants

    • Alemannic German: Iise
      Vorarlbergerisch: Iisa, Oasa
    • Bavarian: Eisn
      Cimbrian: aizarn
      Mòcheno: aisn
    • Central Franconian: Ieser, Iese, Eise
    • German: Eisen, Eiser
    • Vilamovian: ȧjza
    • Yiddish: אײַזן (ayzn)

    References

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    Old English

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    From Proto-West Germanic *īsarn, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną.

    Cognates

    Cognates include Old Frisian īsern (West Frisian izer), Old Saxon īsarn (Low German Iesen), Old Dutch *īsarn (Dutch ijzer), Old High German īsarn (German Eisen), Old Norse járn (Swedish järn), Gothic 𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌽 (eisarn), Old Irish īärn (Irish iarann, Welsh haearn).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈiː.sern/, [ˈiː.zerˠn]

    Noun

    īsern n (nominative plural īsern)

    1. the metal iron
    2. an instrument or tool made from iron, especially an iron sword
      • 10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 5‎:
        Iċ eom ānhaga īserne wund, bille ġebennod, beadoweorca sæd, eċġum wēriġ.
        I am a lone one wounded with iron, wounded by sword, sated of battle-works, weary by edges.
    3. an iron shackle or fetter

    Declension

    Strong a-stem:

    More information singular, plural ...

    Adjective

    īsern

    1. consisting or made of iron
      • late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
        ⁊ hæfdon ġeleornad mā cræfta hū hīe þā elpendas beswīcan mehton, mid þǣm þæt hīe nāmon trēowu, ⁊ slōgon on oþerne ende moniġe sċearpe īsene næġlas, ⁊ hīe mid flexe bewundon, ⁊ onbǣrndon hit, ⁊ beþyddan hit þonne on þone elpend hindan...
        And they had learned more tricks through which they could ensnare the elephants; they took stakes and drove into the other end many sharp iron nails, and wrapped them in flax, and set them on fire, and then thrust them into the elephant from behind...

    Declension

    More information Singular, Masculine ...
    Declension of īsern — Strong
    More information Singular, Masculine ...
    Declension of īsern — Weak

    Derived terms

    • bredīsern (“a graving-iron”)
    • hōcīsern (“a reaping-hook, sickle”)
    • īsernbyrne f (“iron breastplate or corselet”)
    • īsernfeter f (“iron fetter or binding”)
    • īsernġelōma m (“an iron tool”)
    • īserngrǣġ (“iron gray”)
    • īsernhelm m (“an iron helmet”)
    • īsernhere m (“an ironclad army”)
    • īsernōre f (“an iron ore quarry”)
    • īsernsċūr m (“shower of iron projectiles”)
    • īsernsmiþ m (“blacksmith”)
    • īsernwyrhta m (“an ironworker”)
    • lēohtīsern (“a candlestick”)
    • mearcīsern (“a branding-iron”)
    • rīpīsern (“a reaping-iron”)
    • stempingīsern (“a stamping-iron”)

    Descendants

    References

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    Old Frisian

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    From Proto-West Germanic *īsarn, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną.

    Noun

    īsern n

    1. iron (metal)

    Declension

    More information singular, plural ...

    Descendants

    References

    • Hofmann, Dietrich, Tjerk Popkema, Anne with co-op. Gisela Hofmann (2008) Altfriesisches Handwörterbuch [Old Frisian Concise Dictionary]‎ (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, →ISBN
    • Köbler, Gerhard, Altfriesisches Wörterbuch (4th edition 2014)
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