ji-

Navajo

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɪ̀-/

Prefix

ji-

Marks a verb as having a fourth person subject or object.

Usage notes

This prefix is used when: a) the subject/object is unspecified or unknown b) the subject/object is obviative or non-salient in a discourse of story c) to politely talk about someone who is present

Navajo ∅-imperfective subject markers
	singular	duoplural	plural
1st person	(yi)sh-	(y)ii-	deii-
2nd person	ni-	(w)oh-	daah-
3rd person	yi-	daa-
4th person	ji-	daji-

Alternative forms

giji- (Algonquin)

Preverb

ji-

form of da- or daa- used in the unchanged conjunct order
"Oo, yay," ikido, "mii waabang ji-maajaayaang," ikido.
"Oh, goodness, we will leave tomorrow," she said.
that, so that, in order to

References

The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/ji-pv-tns

Swahili

Pronunciation

Audio (Kenya): (file)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *(d)i ̹-.

Alternative forms

(before vowels) j-

Prefix

ji- (plural ma-)

ji class_(V) noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix
jino jipya ― a new tooth

ji- (plural maji-)

augmentative prefix used with monosyllabic stems, puts words in ji class_(V)
‎ji- + ‎mtu (“person”) → ‎jitu (“giant”)

Usage notes

Many class V nouns have no prefix, in which case the plural is formed by simply prefixing ma- to the word. This includes words that start with the augmentative prefix ji-.

Only the adjective -pya takes the prefix ji- in class V; its form is jipya. Some adjective starting with a vowel take j-, while possessive adjectives are irregular and take l-. Other adjectives take no prefix.

Nouns with a stem of more than one syllable and starting with a consonant get a zero prefix to form the augmentative:

‎mtoto (“child”) → ‎toto (“large child”)

Etymology 2

Prefix

ji-

verb-initial form of -ji- (“oneself, -self; reflexive direct object”)

**Swahili personal pronouns (m-wa class_(I/II))**
	person	independent	subject concord		object concord	combined forms			possessive
	person	independent	affirmative	negative	object concord	na	ndi-	si-	possessive
singular	first	mimi	ni-	si-	-ni-	nami, na mimi	ndimi, ndiye	simi, siye	-angu
	second	wewe	u-	hu-	-ku-	nawe, na wewe	ndiwe, ndiye	siwe, siye	-ako
	third	yeye	a-, yu-	ha-, hayu-	-m-, -mw-, -mu-	naye, na yeye	ndiye	siye	-ake
plural	first	sisi	tu-	hatu-	-tu-	nasi, na sisi	ndisi, ndio	sio	-etu
	second	ninyi	m-, mw-, mu-	ham-, hamw-, hamu-	-wa-	nanyi, na ninyi	ndinyi, ndio	sinyi, sio	-enu
	third	wao	wa-	hawa-	-wa-	nao	ndio	sio	-ao
reflexive		—	—		-ji-	—			—
For a full table including other classes, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns.

Volapük

Japanese

Romanization

Navajo

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Prefix

Usage notes

See also

Ojibwe

Alternative forms

Preverb

References

Swahili

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Prefix

Usage notes

See also

Etymology 2

Prefix

See also

Tlingit

Prefix

Usage notes

Volapük

Etymology

Prefix

Derived terms

Wikiwand - on