vulnus

Etymology

Latin

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvʌlnəs/

Noun

vulnus (plural vulnera)

1. (medicine, formal) A wound.
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:

     I was once, I remember, called to a patient who had received a violent contusion in his tibia, by which the exterior cutis was lacerated, so that there was a profuse sanguinary discharge; and the interior membranes were so divellicated, that the os or bone very plainly appeared through the aperture of the vulnus or wound.

   • 1999, Acta classica, volumes 42-43, page 89:

     But for the veterans in the Pannonian legions, their vulnera were no longer their tokens of honour, but an indication of the severity of service in the army.

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin vulnus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvul.nus/
• Rhymes: -ulnus
• Hyphenation: vùl‧nus

Noun

vulnus m (plural vulnera)

1. (law) infringement (of a right)
2. (by extension) an offense capable of destabilizing a principle or norm

Further reading

• vulnus in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *welanos, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *welh₃- (“to hit”). Cognate with Latin vellō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯ul.nus/, [ˈu̯ʊɫ̪nʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvul.nus/, [ˈvulnus]

Noun

vulnus n (genitive vulneris); third declension

1. wound, injury

   Synonyms: damnum, dētrīmentum, incommoditās, calamitās, pauperiēs, maleficium, iniūria, noxa, fraus, plāga

2. (figuratively) blow

   Synonyms: colaphus, pulsus, ictus, plāga

3. incision

   Synonyms: cicātrīx, incīsiō

4. misfortune, calamity, disaster

   Synonyms: plāga, dētrīmentum, incommodum, clādēs, interitus, incommoditās, cāsus, perniciēs, exitium, īnfortūnium, miseria, calamitās, malum, cruciātus, nūbēs

   Antonyms: commodum, commoditās

5. a loss in a battle

   Synonyms: clādēs, calamitās, incommodum, dētrīmentum

   Antonym: victōria

References

• “vulnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• vulnus in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
• "vulnus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• vulnus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to wound a person (also used metaphorically): vulnus infligere alicui
    
  • to be (seriously, mortally) wounded: vulnus (grave, mortiferum) accipere, excipere
    
  • after many had been wounded on both sides: multis et illatis et acceptis vulneribus (B. G. 1. 50)
    
  • weakened by wounds: vulneribus confectus
    
  • to open an old wound: refricare vulnus, cicatricem obductam
    
  • to die of wounds: ex vulnere mori (Fam. 10. 33)
    
  • the victory cost much blood and many wounds, was very dearly bought: victoria multo sanguine ac vulneribus stetit (Liv. 23. 30)
    
  • (ambiguous) wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera (cicatrices) adversa (opp. aversa)
    
  • (ambiguous) wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera adverso corpore accepta