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zi

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: Appendix:Variations of "zi"

Albanian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

First attested in the 17th century in this form, already 16th in its now obsolete feminine form e zeshkë (“black”). The plural të zinj is recent, built on analogy of other masculine nouns ending in stressed /-ˈi/, and supplanted the earlier të zez. The irregular paradigm may reflect e zezë f sg < *gʷed(ʰ)yā, të zez m pl < *gʷed(ʰ)yoi, zi f (“mourning”, noun) < *gʷed(ʰ)íyā.

Has been compared to Proto-West Germanic *kwād (“filth; evil”), Lithuanian gė́da (“shame”), Proto-Slavic *gàdъ (“reptile”). Also see Lithuanian gẽdulas, geda (“mourning”). Traditionally also linked to Lithuanian ži̇̀las (“grey”). Comparison with Lithuanian júodas (“black”) is difficult to reconcile phonetically.

Alternative forms

Adjective

i zi (feminine e zezë, masculine plural të zinj, feminine plural të zeza)

  1. black (of colour)
    Antonym: i bardhë
  2. dark, as opposed to a lighter colour
    bukë e zezë ― black bread
  3. dirty (of water); built for dirty water
    ujëra të zeza ― dirty water
    kanale të zeza ― dirty water canals
  4. unfortunate, wretched; desolate, gloomy
    Synonyms: i mjerë, i mjeruar, i mjerueshëm, i shkretë, i rëndë, i errët
  5. evil, bad
    Synonym: i keq
    zemër e zezë ― black heart

Noun

i zi m (plural të zinj, definite i ziu, definite plural të zinjtë)

  1. black person
    Synonym: (derogative) zezak
  2. unfortunate, wretched, desolate person
    Synonyms: fatkeq, i mjerë, i shkretë
  3. (chess) black (player with the black chess pieces)

Noun

të zi n (definite të zitë) (uncountable)

  1. black (colour), blackness
    Synonym: e zezë
  2. mourning (sorrow; clothes)
  3. gloom, gloominess
    Synonym: zymtësi
  4. great trouble, suffering
    Synonyms: e keqe, vuajtje
  5. Used to reinforce interrogative and exclamative sentences.
    Synonym: të shkretën

Adverb

zi

  1. in black
    e ngjeu zi ― it turned black
  2. very badly, wrongly, unkindly
    Synonym: keq

Derived terms

  • ar i zi
  • bardhë e zi
  • kuq e zi
  • nxij
  • shoh zi
  • të zi syri
  • të zi ulliri
compounds
  • babazi
  • ballukezi
  • brekëzi
  • brekushezi
  • bukëzi
  • burrëzi
  • buzëzi
  • cërkazi
  • cullufezi
  • ditëzi
  • famëzi
  • faqezi
  • farëzi
  • fatzi
  • fillzi
  • flokëzi
  • gëzimzi
  • gullmëzi
  • gunëzi
  • gjëmëzi
  • haberzi
  • halëzi
  • hallezi
  • jelezi
  • jetëzi
  • këmishëzi
  • kobzi
  • kryezi
  • kthetrazi
  • leshrazi
  • leshzi
  • lëkurëzi
  • lëvorezi
  • lumëzi
  • mendjezi
  • mjekërzi
  • mundzi
  • ndjellazi
  • nurzi
  • orëzi
  • perçezi
  • poturezi
  • punëzi
  • qimezi
  • resëzi
  • rrezikzi
  • smirëzi
  • syzi
  • shkronjëzi
  • shpirtzi
  • turizi
  • thekëzi
  • udhëzi
  • vëllazi
  • vulëzi
  • zhapëzi

References

  • “zi,~të (të)”, “zi”, “zi (i)”, “zi,~u (i)”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980, page 2241ab
  • Mann, S. E. (1948) “zi”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 581b
  • Tagliavini, Carlo (1937) “zi”, in L'albanese di Dalmazia. […] (in Italian), Florence: Leo S. Olschki, page 293
  • Leotti, Angelo (1916) “zī”, in L'albanese parlato (in Italian), Milan: U. Hoepli, page 190
  • Weigand, Gustav (1914) “zī”, in Albanesisch–deutsches und deutsch–albanesisches Wörterbuch (in German), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, page 105a
  • Kristoforidhi, Kostandin (1904) “ζῑ-α”, in Λεξικὸν τῆς Ἀλβανικῆς γλώσσης [Lexikòn tês Albanikês glṓssēs] (in Greek), Athens, page 121
  • Jungg, G. (1895) “ɛii, ɛeɛ”, in Fialuur i voghel sccȣp e ltinisct [Small Albanian–Italian dictionary], page 151a
  • Meyer, G. (1891) “zī”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 484
  • Rossi, F. (1875) “ɛii”, in Vocabolario della lingua epirotica–italiana (in Italian), page 1389ab
  • Bardhi, Frang (1635) Dictionarium Latino Epiroticum (overall work in Latin and Albanian), page 63: “niger — iɛij”
  • Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997) “zi (i)”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎ (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 427
  • Çabej, E. (2006) “zī”, in Studime etimologjike në fushë të shqipes (in Albanian), volumes VII: S–Zh, Tirana, page 297f.
  • Demiraj, Bardhyl et al. (2021) “zi (i)”, in DPEWA. Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen [DPEWA. Digital Philological-Etymological Dictionary of Old Albanian]
  • Huld, Martin E. (1984) “i zi, e zezë”, in Basic Albanian Etymologies, Columbus: Slavica Publishers, →ISBN, page 134f.
  • Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “zi”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 524

Etymology 2

First attested in the 16th century. Early nominalisation of the adjective above, see there for more.

Noun

zi f (definite zia) (uncountable)

  1. mourning (sorrow for someone's death)
    bëj zi për ― to mourn
    • 1555, Gjon Buzuku, Meshari, page 47v, lines 88–89:
      e chξeh {v}ine tane, endeh ћaɛe-//mend
      [e kthe zinë tanë ëndë gazëmend]
      and turn our mourning into joy
  2. mourning (clothes)
  3. great misfortune
    Synonyms: mynxyrë, fatkeqësi
  4. famine, dearth, esp. scarcity of bread
    zi buke ― bread famine
  5. great greed for something, esp. food
    Synonyms: babëzi, lakmi
Derived terms

References

  • “zi,~a”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980, page 2240f.
  • Mann, S. E. (1948) “zí”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 581b
  • Leotti, Angelo (1916) “zī”, in L'albanese parlato (in Italian), Milan: U. Hoepli, page 190
  • Weigand, Gustav (1914) “zī”, in Albanesisch–deutsches und deutsch–albanesisches Wörterbuch (in German), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, page 105a
  • Kristoforidhi, Kostandin (1904) “ζῑ-α”, in Λεξικὸν τῆς Ἀλβανικῆς γλώσσης [Lexikòn tês Albanikês glṓssēs] (in Greek), Athens, page 121
  • Jungg, G. (1895) “ɛii, a”, in Fialuur i voghel sccȣp e ltinisct [Small Albanian–Italian dictionary], page 151a
  • Demiraj, Bardhyl et al. (2021) “zí -a”, in DPEWA. Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen [DPEWA. Digital Philological-Etymological Dictionary of Old Albanian]

Basque

Pronunciation

 
  • IPA(key): (most dialects) /s̻i/ [s̻i]
  • IPA(key): (Biscayan) /s̺i/ [s̺i]

  • Rhymes: -i
  • Hyphenation: zi

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Basque *zinV.

Noun

zi inan

  1. (Northern) acorn
    Synonym: ezkur
Declension
More information indefinite, singular ...
Declension of zi (inanimate, ending in vowel)
indefinite singular plural
absolutive zi zia ziak
ergative zik ziak ziek
dative ziri ziari ziei
genitive ziren ziaren zien
comitative zirekin ziarekin ziekin
causative zirengatik ziarengatik ziengatik
benefactive zirentzat ziarentzat zientzat
instrumental ziz ziaz ziez
inessive zitan zian zietan
locative zitako ziko zietako
allative zitara zira zietara
terminative zitaraino ziraino zietaraino
directive zitarantz zirantz zietarantz
destinative zitarako zirako zietarako
ablative zitatik zitik zietatik
partitive zirik — —
prolative zitzat — —
Close

Etymology 2

Noun

zi inan

  1. (Biscay) Alternative form of ihi (“reed”)

Further reading

  • “zi”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
  • “zi”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Cimbrian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle High German si(e), from Old High German siu, from Proto-Germanic *sī, nominative singular feminine of *iz. Cognate with German sie, Dutch zij, Gothic 𐍃𐌹 (si).

Pronoun

zi

  1. (Sette Comuni) she, her

Inflection

More information nominative, accusative ...
Cimbrian personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
1st person singular ichmichmiar
2nd person
singular		 familiar dudichdiar
polite iartachòich
3rd person
singular		 m èar, arin, eniime
f zi, ze iar
n es, ises, 'siime
1st person plural bar,
bandare		zichizàndarn
2nd person plural iart,
iartàndare, artàndare		òich, achogàndarn
3rd person plural ze, zòi,
zandare		zichinnàndarn
Close

References

  • “zi” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Ewe

Noun

zi

  1. deer

Haeke

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *kutu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutu, from Proto-Austronesian *kuCu.

Noun

zi

  1. louse

References

  • Jim Hollyman,K. J. Hollyman, Études sur les langues du Nord de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, page 52, 1999

Hausa

Pronunciation

Noun

zî m (possessed form zîn)

  1. (card games) diamonds

Japanese

Romanization

zi

  1. The katakana syllable ズィ (zi) in Hepburn-like romanization.
  2. (dated) Rōmaji transcription of じ
  3. (dated) Rōmaji transcription of ジ

Kwama

Noun

zi

  1. eye
  2. life
  3. seed
  4. grain

References

  • Goldberg, Justin, Asadik, Habte, Bekama, Jiregna, Mengistu, Mulat (2016) Gwama – English Dictionary‎, SIL International

Mandarin

Romanization

zi (zi5 / zi0, Zhuyin ˙ㄗ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 子

zi

  1. Nonstandard spelling of zī.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of zí.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of zǐ.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of zì.

Usage notes

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle Dutch

Verb

zi

  1. Alternative spelling of si; first/third-person singular present subjunctive of wēsen

Romanian

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈzi/
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

Inherited from Classical Latin diēs (“day”), back-formed from the accusative diem (whose vowel e was once long), from Proto-Italic *djēm, the accusative of *djous, from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (“heaven, sky”). May have been inherited from an intermediate Vulgar Latin *dilla , hence why the definite form ziua, but due to -ua dropping in indefinite forms, the indefinite form became zi. Compare Spanish día, archaic Italian dì, archaic French di.

Noun

zi f (plural zile)

  1. day
    Antonym: noapte
Declension
More information singular, plural ...
Declension of zi
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative zi ziua zile zilele
genitive-dative zile zilei zile zilelor
vocative ziuo zilelor
Close
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin dīc, the 2nd person singular imperative of Latin dīco, with the final -c being dropped as part of a loss of all final consonants in Proto-Romanian. Compare Italian dì, which also went through the same sound shift.

Verb

zi

  1. second-person singular imperative of zice

Sassarese

Alternative forms

  • z' (apocopic, before a vowel)

Etymology

Akin to Italian ci, see there for more.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

zi

  1. (accusative) us
    Babbu zi portha a Sàssari
    Dad is taking us to Sassari
    • c. 19th century, anonymous author, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese‎, volume 1 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, published 1873, song 24, page 107:
      Alburea, Alburea
      E li so’ suldaddi
      z’hani libaraddi
      Arborea, Arborea and its soldiers have freed us
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Primabéra [Spring]”, in La poesia di l'althri [The poetry of others] (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 13:
      l’antigga primabéra, più cruderi
      di tutti l’isthasgioni
      acchì zi torra a vidda e poi z’ammazza.
      Ancient Spring, [the] cruelest of all seasons, for it takes us back to life, and then kills us.
  2. (dative) to us
    Li dozzi no zi piàzini.
    We don't like sweets.
    (literally, “The sweets are not pleasant to us.”)
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Siparazioni [Separation]”, in La poesia di l'althri [The poetry of others] (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 65:
      […] E lu chi zi paria
      incridìbiri, aiallu! […]
      And that which to us had seemed unbelievable, there it is!

Adverb

zi

  1. Synonym of vi (“here, there”)
    • c. 19th century, anonymous author, “[untitled song]”, in Giovanni Spano, editor, Canti popolari in dialetto sassarese‎, volume 1 (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Cagliari, published 1873, song 35, page 124:
      Lu soli di Sant’Anna
      Veni a lu me’ balconi,
      Viniddinni lu me’ fiori
      Abali chi no z’è mamma.
      St. Anne's sun comes to my balcony; come to my flower, now that mom isn't here.

References

  • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Sumerian

Romanization

zi

  1. Romanization of 𒍣 (zi)

Tagalog

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from English zee, the English name of the letter Z/z.

Pronunciation

Noun

zi (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒ)

  1. the name of the Latin-script letter Z/z, in the Filipino alphabet
    Synonym: (in the Abecedario) zeta

See also

Further reading

  • “zi”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Tarifit

Preposition

zi (Tifinagh spelling ⵣⵉ)

  1. movement marker
    1. expresses movement from a point of origin: from
      yus-d zi Fas
      He came from Fez.

Usage notes

When the preposition zi is followed by a vowel it will take the form zeg.

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