咩
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Translingual
Han character
咩 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口廿手 (RTQ), four-corner 68051, composition ⿰口羊)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 186, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3540
- Dae Jaweon: page 405, character 34
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 622, character 5
- Unihan data for U+54A9
Chinese
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: miē
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄝ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mie
- Wade–Giles: mieh1
- Yale: myē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mhie
- Palladius: ме (me)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mi̯ɛ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: me1
- Yale: mē
- Cantonese Pinyin: me1
- Guangdong Romanization: mé1
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɛː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: me
- Tâi-lô: me
- Phofsit Daibuun: mef
- IPA (Quanzhou): /mẽ³³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /mẽ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: meh
- Tâi-lô: meh
- Phofsit Daibuun: meq
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /mẽʔ³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /mẽʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: me̍h
- Tâi-lô: me̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: meh
- IPA (Quanzhou): /mẽʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mia
- Tâi-lô: mia
- Phofsit Daibuun: miaf
- IPA (Xiamen): /miã⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
Note:
- Xiamen:
- me - vernacular;
- mia - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: mêh8 / mêh4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: me̍h / meh
- Sinological IPA (key): /meʔ⁴/, /meʔ²/
- (Teochew)
Definitions
咩
Compounds
Etymology 2
Contraction of 乜嘢.
Pronunciation
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: me1
- Yale: mē
- Cantonese Pinyin: me1
- Guangdong Romanization: mé1
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɛː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
咩 (Cantonese)
- what
- which
- why; how come
- Used as a dummy subject or object when it can be deduced from context.
Synonyms
Etymology 3
There are at least two proposals:
- From 唔 (m4, “not”) + 呢 (ni1, “interrogative particle”) > mi1 > me1 (Yiu, 2021).
- From etymology 2 “what” (Chor and Lam, 2023).
Pronunciation
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: me1
- Yale: mē
- Cantonese Pinyin: me1
- Guangdong Romanization: mé1
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɛː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
咩
- (Cantonese, obsolete) A sentence-final particle used to make unbiased yes/no questions.
- (Cantonese) A sentence-final particle used to make yes/no questions, often with a doubtful or surprising tone.
- (Cantonese) A sentence-final particle used in yes/no rhetorical questions to express negation.
- 若論死者復生、你未讀過摩西荆棘篇所載咩、卽係眞神對摩西話、我係亞伯拉罕嘅神、以撒嘅神、雅各嘅神。 [Cantonese, trad.]
- From: 1872, 《馬可傳福音書（廣東土白）》 (The Gospel of Mark: Cantonese Vernacular) 12:26
- joek6 leon6 sei2 ze2 fuk6 sang1, nei5 mei6 duk6 gwo3 mo1 sai1 ging1 gik1 pin1 so2 zoi3 me1, zik1 hai6 zan1 san4 deoi3 mo1 sai1 waa6, ngo5 hai6 aa3 baak3 laai1 hon2 ge3 san4, ji5 saat3 ge3 san4, ngaa5 gok3 ge3 san4. [Jyutping]
- And as touching the dead, that they rise: have ye not read in the book of Moses, how in the bush God spake unto him, saying, I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob?
若论死者复生、你未读过摩西荆棘篇所载咩、即系真神对摩西话、我系亚伯拉罕嘅神、以撒嘅神、雅各嘅神。 [Cantonese, simp.]
Descendants
- → English: meh
Etymology 4
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): mê7 / mê6 / mêh4
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: mê7 / mê6 / mêh4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mē / mĕ / meh
- Sinological IPA (key): /me¹¹/, /me³⁵/, /meʔ²/
- (Teochew)
Note: mêh4 - appears in Dean, tone unspecified.
Definitions
咩
- A sentence-final particle used to make unbiased yes/no questions.
- 伊敢去否？ [Teochew, trad. and simp.]
- From: 1886, Lim Hiong Seng, Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular
- i1 gan2 khe3 mê7? [Peng'im]
- Does he dare to go?
Further reading
- 張靜芬 (2020) “《汕頭話讀本》中的兩類中性問句的句末標記”, in 清華學報,
Japanese
Kanji
咩
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
咩 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
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