寺
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
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Han character
寺 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 土木戈 (GDI), four-corner 40341, composition ⿱土寸(GJKV) or ⿱士寸(HT))
Alternative forms
- Note that in Japanese, Korean and Simplified Chinese scripts, the top half of the character is 土 (instead of 士 as seen in Traditional Chinese), which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi Dictionary.
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 293, character 33
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7414
- Dae Jaweon: page 581, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 503, character 11
- Unihan data for U+5BFA
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 寺 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ljɯs): phonetic 𡳿 (OC *tjɯ, “to go”) + semantic 又 (“hand”) – to grasp, to hold. Phonetic 𡳿 (之), which represents a footprint pointing up, became 土 or 士 in the clerical script from the late Western Han to the Eastern Han, and semantic 又 become 寸 in Small Seal Script. The derivative 持 (OC *l'ɯ) refers to the original word.
The character was often used in the place of a more specialized form. For example, in the Chu Silk Manuscript (see table above) it clearly stood for 時 (OC *djɯ, “season”).
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): sê
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): si5
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zy
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: sì
- Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
- Wade–Giles: ssŭ4
- Yale: sz̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
- Palladius: сы (sy)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sz̩⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: сы (sɨ, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sz̩⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zi6 / zi6-2
- Yale: jih / jí
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzi6 / dzi6-2
- Guangdong Romanization: ji6 / ji6-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siː²²/, /t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: du5 / du5*
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu³²/, /tu³²⁻³²⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ
- Hakka Romanization System: sii
- Hagfa Pinyim: si4
- Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: sii˖
- Sinological IPA: /sɨ³³/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sê
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɛi²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: si5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sī
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬi²¹/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- sī - vernacular;
- sū/sīr - literary.
- Middle Chinese: ziH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-[d]əʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ljɯs/
Definitions
寺
- (historical) government court; office (before the Han dynasty)
- 大理寺 ― Dàlǐsì ― Court of Judicature and Revision
- (Buddhism) temple; monastery
- 白馬寺／白马寺 ― Báimǎsì ― White Horse Temple
- 少林寺 ― Shàolínsì ― Shaolin Monastery
- 哲蚌寺 ― Zhébàngsì ― Drepung Monastery
- place of worship; shrine
- 清真寺 ― qīngzhēnsì ― mosque
- 仙鶴寺／仙鹤寺 ― Xiānhèsì ― Crane Mosque
- 西敏寺 ― Xīmǐnsì ― Westminster Abbey
- (obsolete) Original form of 持 (chí, “to hold; to grasp”).
- a surname
Usage notes
Not used for places of worship of Taoism and Chinese folk religion.
Synonyms
- (temple):
- 佛寺 (fósì) (Buddhist temple)
- 佛教堂 (Philippine Hokkien)
- 和尚寺 (Puxian Min)
- 宮廟 / 宫庙 (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 寶剎 / 宝刹 (bǎochà) (Buddhist temple)
- 寺廟 / 寺庙 (sìmiào)
- 尪廟 / 尪庙 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 廟 / 庙 (miào)
- 廟宇 / 庙宇 (miàoyǔ)
- 廟寺 / 庙寺 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 梵宇 (fànyǔ) (literary, Buddhist temple)
- 禪寺 / 禅寺 (chánsì) (Buddhist temple)
- 禪房 / 禅房 (chánfáng) (Buddhist temple)
- 禪林 / 禅林 (chánlín) (Buddhist temple)
- 禪院 / 禅院 (chányuàn) (Buddhist temple)
Compounds
- 佛寺 (fósì)
- 光祿寺 / 光禄寺
- 化度寺碑
- 南菊寺 (Nánjúsì)
- 古寺
- 團山寺 / 团山寺 (Tuánshānsì)
- 地藏寺
- 大招寺
- 大理寺
- 大相國寺 / 大相国寺
- 太常寺 (Tàichángsì)
- 婦寺 / 妇寺 (fùsì)
- 安福寺 (Ānfúsì)
- 寒山寺
- 寶月寺 / 宝月寺 (Bǎoyuèsì)
- 寺人 (sìrén)
- 寺卿
- 寺坪 (Sìpíng)
- 寺庫 / 寺库
- 寺廟 / 寺庙 (sìmiào)
- 寺舍
- 寺院 (sìyuàn)
- 少林寺 (Shàolínsì)
- 左溪寺 (Zuǒxīsì)
- 布達拉寺 / 布达拉寺
- 庵寺
- 慈恩寺
- 普救寺
- 普濟寺 / 普济寺
- 棘寺
- 水月寺 (Shuǐyuèsì)
- 法源寺
- 法門寺 / 法门寺
- 清真寺 (qīngzhēnsì)
- 炳靈寺 / 炳灵寺
- 白馬寺 / 白马寺 (Báimǎsì)
- 監寺 / 监寺
- 知寺
- 破山寺
- 碧雲寺 / 碧云寺 (Bìyúnsì)
- 福田寺 (Fútiánsì)
- 禪寺 / 禅寺 (chánsì)
- 禮拜寺 / 礼拜寺 (lǐbàisì)
- 紅寺堡 / 红寺堡 (Hóngsìbǔ, “Hongsibu”)
- 紅岩寺 / 红岩寺 (Hóngyánsì)
- 花林寺 (Huālínsì)
- 蕭寺 / 萧寺
- 藏寺
- 西敏寺 (Xīmǐnsì)
- 貂寺
- 都寺
- 金山寺
- 門古寺 / 门古寺 (Méngǔsì)
- 閽寺 / 阍寺
- 閹寺 / 阉寺 (yānsì)
- 雲林寺 / 云林寺
- 章田寺 (Zhāngtiánsì)
- 顓褚寺 / 颛褚寺 (Zhuānchǔsì)
- 鴻臚寺 / 鸿胪寺
- 麓山寺碑
- 龍山寺 / 龙山寺 (Lóngshānsì)
- 龍藏寺碑 / 龙藏寺碑
Descendants
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shì
- Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
- Wade–Giles: shih4
- Yale: shr̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
- Palladius: ши (ši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: sì
- Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
- Wade–Giles: ssŭ4
- Yale: sz̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
- Palladius: сы (sy)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sz̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
Definitions
寺
Further reading
- “寺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
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