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-ku

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ku"

Indonesian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Malay -ku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-ku

  1. (casual or informal) first person singular oblique enclitic pronoun
    1. as a possessive adjective
      anakku ― my child
    2. as a direct or indirect object
      dia mencintaiku ― he loves me
      dia memberiku hadiah ― he gave me a gift
    3. as an object of a preposition, with the exception for di, ke, and dalam
      mereka sombong kepadaku ― they are arrogant to me

Usage notes

As with other clitic pronouns in the language, this clitic is optional.

See also

More information singular, plural ...
Indonesian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person exclusive regular aku,
saya1		 kami
enclitic -ku -
proclitic ku- -
1st person inclusive - kita
2nd person regular kamu,
Anda2,
kau3		 kalian,
Anda2,
Anda sekalian2
enclitic -mu -
3rd person regular dia,
beliau4,
ia3		 mereka
enclitic -nya -
reflexive diri
emphatic sendiri
Close
1 Polite.
2 Formal.
3 Now mostly literary.
4 Respectful.
Notes:
  • This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language.
  • The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms, titles, or the like.
  • The enclitics are only used obliquely (object or possessor), while the proclitic is only used as a subject.
See each entry for more information.

Further reading

Japanese

Romanization

-ku

  1. Rōmaji transcription of く

Makasar

Alternative forms

  • -ngku

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-ku (possessive suffix, Lontara spelling ᨀᨘ)

  1. my
  2. our (first person plural exclusive)

See also

More information independent, absolutive ...
Makasar free and bound pronouns
independent absolutive nominative possessive
1st sg / 1st pl exclusive nakke -a' ku- -ku
1st pl exclusive (archaic) kambe -kang ki- -mang
1st pl inclusive / 2nd sg polite katte -ki' ki- -ta
2nd sg / pl familiar kau -ko nu- -nu
3rd sg / pl ia -i na- -na
Close

Malay

Etymology

From ku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-ku (Jawi spelling ـکو) (informal)

  1. me (direct object of a verb)
    Dia memarahiku. ― He scolded me.
  2. me (object of a preposition)
    Dia pergi denganku. ― He went with me.
  3. me (indirect object of a verb)
  4. my (belonging to me)
    "Negaraku" ― "My Country"
    Ini rumahku. ― This is my house.

See also

More information singular, plural ...
Malay personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person standard saya / ساي
aku / اکو, ku- / كوـ (informal/towards God)
-ku / ـكو (informal possessive)
hamba / همبا (dated)		 kami / کامي (exclusive)
kita orang / كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive)
kita / کيت (inclusive)
royal beta / بيتا
2nd person standard
kamu / کامو
anda / اندا (formal)
engkau / اڠکاو, kau- / كاوـ (informal/towards God)
awak / اوق (friendly/older towards younger)
-mu / ـمو (possessive)		 awak semua / اوق سموا
kamu semua / كامو سموا
kalian / کالين (informal)
kau orang / كاو اورڠ (informal)
royal tuanku / توانكو
3rd person standard dia / دي
ia / اي
beliau / بلياو (honorific)
-nya / ـڽ (possessive)		 mereka / مريک
dia orang / دي اورڠ (informal)
royal baginda / بݢيندا
Close

Maori

Suffix

-ku

  1. Used in contractions with particles of possession to mean me

See also

More information singular, dual ...
Maori personal pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person au, ahau māua (exclusive)
tāua (inclusive)		 mātou (exclusive)
tātou (inclusive)
2nd person koe kōrua koutou
3rd person ia rāua rātou
Close

Pipil

Alternative forms

Suffix

-ku

  1. (no longer productive) locative suffix (meaning "in") used after a consonant

Further reading

  • Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter. p.47

Quechua

Not to be confused with -nku, -yku

Suffix

-ku

  1. reflexive suffix: to or for oneself
    mayllay (“to wash something”) → mayllakuy (“to wash oneself”)
    rantiy (“to buy something”) → rantikuy (“to buy something for oneself”)

Derived terms

Quechua terms suffixed with -ku
allquchakuy
churakuy
maqakuy
mayllakuy
p'achallikuy
phiñakuy
q'imikuy
rantikuy
rikch'akuy
rimaykuy
suyakuy
uñachakuy
yachachikuq
yachakuy

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