ь - Wikiwand

(chiefly obsolete) A letter of the Unified Northern Alphabet, Yañalif and similar orthographies, used during the short-lived Soviet Latinization campaign of the 1930s.
Languages with this letter were Altai (Oyrot), Bashkir, Cherkes, Chukchi, Crimean Tatar, Dungan, Ingrian, Kabardin, Kazakh, Kalmuk, Karakalpak, Karachay, Ket, Khakass, Khanty, Koryak, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Mansi, Nogai, Oyrot, Permiak, Selkup, Tabasaran, Tatar and Turkmen.

Usage notes

Where Ь ь were used in Latin script, small-capital ʙ was often used as the lower-case form of B.

In most languages, it was pronounced /ɨ/ or /ɯ/, corresponding to Anatolian Turkish ⟨ı⟩. The exception was Kalmuk, where it had its Cyrillic sound value of palatalization.

Gallery

Regular.
Italics.
Handwritten.

Abaza

Letter

ь • (ʲ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The sixty-eighth letter of the Abaza alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Abkhaz

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʲ/

Letter

ь • (ʲ) (upper case Ь)

^{The template Template:Cyrl-def does not use the parameter(s): indef=a
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.} A letter of the Abkhaz alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.. Palatalizes a preceding consonant letter.

Adyghe

Letter

ь • (ʲ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The sixty-first letter of the Adyghe alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Aghul

Letter

ь (ʲ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The fiftieth letter of the Aghul alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Alutor

Letter

ь (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-sixth letter of the Alutor alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Avar

Letter

ь • (ʲ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The forty-third letter of the Avar alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Bashkir

Letter

ь • () (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-eighth letter of the Bashkir alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Belarusian

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The twenty-ninth letter of the Belarusian alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Bulgarian

Pronunciation

In the digraph ьо: IPA^(key): [jɔ]

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The twenty-eighth letter of the Bulgarian alphabet, called ер малък (er malǎk), and written in the Cyrillic script.

Usage notes

This letter is only ever used following a consonant as the digraph ьо (e.g. in шофьор (šofjor)) to denote palatalization.

Buryat

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-third letter of the Buryat alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Chechen

Letter

ь • (ʲ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The forty-third letter of the Chechen alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Chukchi

Letter

ь (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-third letter of the Chukchi alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Chuvash

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-fourth letter of the Chuvash alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Crimean Tatar

Letter

ь (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-fourth letter of the Crimean Tatar alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Dargwa

Letter

ь • (’) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The forty-third letter of the Dargwa alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Dungan

Letter

ь • (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-fifth letter of the Dungan alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Eastern Mari

Letter

ь • () (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-third letter of the Eastern Mari alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Even

Letter

ь (’) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-third letter of the Even alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Evenki

Letter

ь • (’) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-first letter of the Evenki alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Ingush

Letter

ь • (ʲ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The forty-first letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Itelmen

Letter

ь (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The forty-fourth letter of the Itelmen alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Kabardian

Letter

ь • (ʲ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The fifty-fifth letter of the Kabardian alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Kalmyk

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-sixth letter of the Kalmyk alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Kazakh

More information Arabic, Cyrillic ...

Alternative scripts
Arabic	n/a
Cyrillic	ь
Latin	n/a
Yañalif	ь

Letter

ь • () (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-ninth letter of the Kazakh alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Khakas

Letter

ь • (’) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-sixth letter of the Khakas alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Kumyk

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-sixth letter of the Kumyk alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Kyrgyz

Letter

ь • () (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-third letter of the Kyrgyz alphabet, called ичкертүү белгиси (ickertüü belgisi), and written in the Cyrillic script.

Lezgi

Letter

ь • (’) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The forty-second letter of the Lezgi alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Mongolian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈʲ/
Syllabification: ь (1 syllable)

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-second letter of the Mongolian alphabet, called зөөлний тэмдэг (zöölnii temdeg), and written in the Cyrillic script.

Nivkh

Letter

ь (j) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The forty-third letter of the Nivkh alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Northern Mansi

Letter

ь (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-eighth letter of the Northern Mansi alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Old Novgorodian

Letter

ь • (ĭ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

A letter of the Old Novgorodian alphabet, written in the Old Cyrillic script.
- c. 1240‒1260, Onfim, Берестяная грамота № 199 [Birchbark letter no. 199]‎, Novgorod:
  а б в г д ¦ е ж ꙅ ꙁ и и к л м н о п р с т у ѳ х ѿ ц ч ш щ ъ ꙑ [ь] ѣ ꙋ ю ѫ ѧ …
  a b v g d ¦ je ž dz z i i k l m n o p r s t u θ x otŭ ć ć š ść ŭ y [ĭ] jě u ju ǫ ję …
- c. 1240‒1260, Onfim, Берестяная грамота № 201 [Birchbark letter no. 201]‎, Novgorod:
  а б : в г : д е : ж ꙅ : ꙁ и : і к : л м : н о : п р : с т : у ѳ х ѿ : ц ч : ш щ : ъ ꙑ : ь ѣ : ꙋ ю : ѫ ѧ : …
  a b : v g : d je : ž dz : z i : i k : l m : n o : p r : s t : u θ x otŭ : ć ć : š ść : ŭ y : ĭ jě : u ju : ǫ ję : …
- c. 1240‒1260, Onfim, Берестяная грамота № 205 [Birchbark letter no. 205]‎, Novgorod:
  а б в г д е ж ꙅ ꙁ и і к л м н о п р с т у ѳ х отъ ц ч ш щ ъ ꙑ ь ѣ ꙋ ю ѫ ѧ
  a b v g d je ž dz z i i k l m n o p r s t u θ x otŭ ć ć š ść ŭ y ĭ jě u ju ǫ ję
- c. 1340‒1360, Берестяная грамота № Ст. Р. 25 [Birchbark letter no. St. R. 25]‎, Staraya Russa:
  а б в г … н о - - - т у ѳ х [ѿ] … [ъ] - [ь] ѣ ѫ - …
  a b v g … n o - - - t u θ x [otŭ] … [ŭ] - [ĭ] jě ǫ - …
- c. 1380‒1400, Берестяная грамота № Ст. Р. 24 [Birchbark letter no. St. R. 24]‎, Staraya Russa:
  а б в г д е ж [ꙅ] ꙁ и і к л м н о п р с т у ф х [ѿ] ѡ ц ч ш щ ъ ꙑ ь ѣ ѧ
  a b v g d je ž [dz] z i i k l m n o p r s t u f x [otŭ] o ć ć š ść ŭ y ĭ jě ję

Ossetian

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The fortieth letter of the Ossetian alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Usage notes

Only used in Russian borrowings.

Pannonian Rusyn

Pronunciation

дь: IPA^(key): [ˈɟ]
ль: IPA^(key): [ˈʎ]
нь: IPA^(key): [ˈɲ]
ть: IPA^(key): [ˈc]

Letter

ь (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-second letter of the Pannonian Rusyn alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Usage notes

Only used after the letters д (d), л (l), н (n), and т (t).

Romanian

Letter

ь (i) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The twenty-eighth letter of the Moldovan alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Russian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ʲ]

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirtieth letter of the Russian alphabet, called мягкий знак (mjaxkij znak), and written in the Cyrillic script.

Usage notes

The soft sign has no sound of its own, but modifies that of the preceding consonant by causing it to be pronounced palatalized (i.e. soft).
Less commonly, it just has a traditional orthographic usage with no phonetic meaning. For example, nouns ending in ⟨ч⟩, ⟨ш⟩, ⟨ж⟩ and ⟨щ⟩ are pronounced identically to their counterparts ending in ⟨чь⟩, ⟨шь⟩, ⟨жь⟩ and ⟨щь⟩, but they have different grammatical genders and declensions.
It also has the function of a separation sign: vowels after the soft sign are pronounced separately from the previous consonant and are iotated. Compare льют (lʹjut) [lʲjut] and лют (ljut) [lʲut].

Southern Altai

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-fourth letter of the Southern Altai alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Tabasaran

Letter

ь • (ʼ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The forty-third letter of the Tabasaran alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Tatar

Letter

ь • (’) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-sixth letter of the Tatar alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Tundra Nenets

Letter

ь • (ʹ°) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-first letter of the Tundra Nenets alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Tuvan

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-third letter of the Tuvan alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Udmurt

Letter

ь • () (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-fifth letter of the Udmurt alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Ukrainian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ʲ]
Audio: (file)

Letter

ь • (ʹ) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-first letter of the Ukrainian alphabet, called м’який знак (mʺjakyj znak), and written in the Cyrillic script.

Uzbek

Letter

ь (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ь)

The twenty-eighth letter of the Uzbek alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Western Mari

Letter

ь • () (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-fourth letter of the Western Mari alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Yakut

Letter

ь • () (lower case, upper case Ь)

The thirty-seventh letter of the Yakut alphabet, called сымнатар бэлиэ (sımnatar belie), and written in the Cyrillic script.

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