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us

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

    From Middle English us, from Old English ūs (us, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *uns (us), from Proto-Indo-European *ne-, *nō-, *n-ge-, *n̥smé (us). The compensatory lengthening was lost in Middle English due to the word being unstressed when used. Cognate with Saterland Frisian uus (us), West Frisian us, ús (us), Low German uns, us (us), Dutch ons (us), German uns (us), Danish os (us), Latin nōs (we, us).

    Pronunciation

    • (stressed) enPR: ŭs, IPA(key): /ʌs/, /ʌz/, (Local Dublin) IPA(key): /ʊs/
    • (unstressed) (US) IPA(key): /əs/, (UK) IPA(key): /əs/, /əz/
    • Audio (US):(file)
    • Rhymes: -ʌs

    Pronoun

    us (personal pronoun; the objective case of we)

    1. Me and at least one other person, excluding the person(s) being addressed. (exclusive us.)
      Don't treat us like idiots.
    2. Me and at least one other person, including the person(s) being addressed. (inclusive us.)
      Let's ask him if he'll give us a lift.
    3. Used where "me" would be used instead of "I", e.g. for the pronoun in isolation or as the complement of the copula:
      Who's there?Us. (or) — It's us.
      Who's going to go?Us. We'll go.
    4. Any entity that the speaker is a part of or identifies with, such as place of employment or education, nation, region, language, etc.
      It's not true that the rest of Europe hates us.
      I went to watch my favourite team play Real Madrid, but they thrashed us 5-0.
    5. People in general.
      Grief ages us.
    6. (colloquial) The person(s) being addressed.
      Come on! Wakey wakey! Let's get us up and out of bed, please.
    7. (colloquial) Used to imply connection between the speaker's experiences or activities and a group of listeners.
      Hey guys, in this video I'll show you how I make my upside-down sponge cake. First let's get us a few ingredients that we'll need ...
    8. (Commonwealth, colloquial, chiefly with certain verbs such as give, get, fetch, etc.) Me.
      Give us a look at your paper.
      Fetch us a cold beer from the fridge, would you.
      She's turned the weans against us!
      (talking to oneself) Now then ... let me see ... I hope I'm doing this right ... if we just connect these two wires together ... if it gives us a shock then ... Ow!
    9. (Northumbria) Me (in all contexts).
      Look at us while you’re speaking to us.
      Could you do that for us?
    10. (Northern England) Our.
      We'll have to throw us food out.
    Alternative forms
    Derived terms
    Translations
    See also
    More information personal pronoun, possessivepronoun ...
    English personal pronouns

    Dialectal and obsolete or archaic forms are in italics.

    personal pronounpossessive
    pronoun
    possessive
    determiner
    subjective objective reflexive
    first
    person
    singular I
    me (colloquial)
    memyself
    me
    mysen
    minemy
    mine (before vowels, archaic)
    me
    plural weusourselves
    ourself
    oursen
    oursour
    second
    person
    singular standard
    (historically
    formal)
    youyouyourself
    yoursen
    yours
    yourn (obsolete outside dialects)
    your
    archaic
    (historically
    informal)
    thoutheethyself
    theeself
    thysen
    thinethy
    thine (before vowels)
    plural standard you
    ye (archaic)
    youyourselvesyours
    yourn (obsolete outside dialects)
    your
    colloquial you all
    y'all
    you guys
    you all
    y'all
    you guys
    y'allselvesy'all's
    you guys'
    your guys' (proscribed)
    y'all's
    your all's (nonstandard)
    you guys'
    your guys' (proscribed)
    informal /
    dialectal
    (see list of dialectal forms at you and inflected forms in those entries)
    third
    person
    singular masculine hehimhimself
    hisself (archaic)
    hissen
    his
    hisn (obsolete outside dialects)
    his
    feminine sheherherself
    hersen
    hers
    hern (obsolete outside dialects)
    her
    neuter it
    hit
    it
    hit
    itself
    hitself
    its
    his (archaic)
    its
    his (archaic)
    hits
    genderless1 theythemthemself, themselvestheirstheir
    nonspecific
    (formal)
    oneoneoneselfone's
    plural theythem
    hem, 'em
    themselves
    theirsen
    theirs
    theirn (obsolete outside dialects)
    their
    Close

    Determiner

    us

    1. Designates the speaker(s)/writer(s) as constituting or belonging to the stated category of people (objective case).
      It's not good enough for us teachers.
    2. (proscribed) Designates the speaker(s)/writer(s) as constituting or belonging to the stated category of people (subjective case).
      • 1988 February 7, Mike Riegle, quoting John Royal, “Why Does GCN Have A Prisoner Project?”, in Gay Community News, volume 15, number 29, page 10:
        Us gays and lesbians in here got a reason to be bitching about the conditions.
    See also

    Etymology 2

    Derived from the similarity between the letter u and the Greek letter µ.

    Symbol

    us

    1. Alternative spelling of µs: microsecond
      • 2002, Peter Spasov, Microcontroller Technology, the 68HC11, page 489:
        ;wait 500 us
      • 2012, Peter Feiler, David Gluch, Model-Based Engineering with AADL:
        The standard units are ns (nanoseconds), us (microseconds), ms (milliseconds), sec (seconds), min (minutes), and hr (hours).
      • 2014, Michael Corey, Jeff Szastak, Michael Webster, Virtualizing SQL Server with VMware: Doing IT Right, page 198:
        Because the flash devices are local to the server, the latencies can be microseconds (us) instead of milliseconds (ms) and eliminate some traffic that would normally have gone over the storage network.

    Etymology 3

    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Noun

    us

    1. (rare) Alternative form of u's.

    Anagrams

    Catalan

    Etymology

    Inherited from Latin vōs.

    Pronunciation

    Pronoun

    us (proclitic and contracted enclitic, enclitic vos)

    1. you (plural, direct or indirect object)
    2. Contraction of vos.

    Usage notes

    • us is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs.
      Si us plau.Please.
      Si no us importa.If you don't mind.
    • -us is the reduced (reduïda) form of the pronoun. It is used after verbs ending with a vowel.
      Volia veure-us.I wanted to see you.

    Declension

    More information strong/subject, weak (direct object) ...
    Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
    strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
    proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
    singular 1st
    person
    standard jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
    majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
    2nd
    person
    standard tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
    formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
    very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
    3rd
    person
    m ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
    f ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
    n ho -ho li -li seu
    plural
    1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
    2nd
    person
    standard vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
    formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
    3rd
    person
    m ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
    f elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
    3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
    adverbial ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
    locative hi -hi
    Close

    1 Behaves grammatically as plural. 2 Behaves grammatically as third person.
    3 Only as object of a preposition. 4 Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

    Further reading

    Central Franconian

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /us/, (stressed optionally) /uːs/

    Etymology 1

    From Middle High German ūz, from Proto-Germanic *ūt.

    Preposition

    us (+ dative)

    1. (Ripuarian, parts of Moselle Franconian) out of, from
      • 1936, Inscription on the Schwarze Katz well in Zell:
        He steiht ferm wie en Zeller us dem Hamm.
        He stands firm as a Zell man from the Hamm [i.e. the Moselle bow around Zell with its steeply sloped vineyards].
    Usage notes
    • Where it occurs in Moselle Franconian, it generally does so only in unstressed position while the stressed form is aus, ous.
    Alternative forms

    Etymology 2

    From Middle High German uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz. Loss of the nasal is due to a sporadic development (analogous to the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant-law, but later and not systematic); compare Luxembourgish eis, Limburgish ós.

    Pronoun

    us

    1. (most of Ripuarian, parts of Moselle Franconian) Dative/accusative first-person plural personal pronoun: us
    Alternative forms

    Fala

    Etymology 1

    From Old Galician-Portuguese os, from Latin illōs.

    Alternative forms

    • os (Mañegu)

    Article

    us m pl (singular u, feminine a, feminine plural as)

    1. (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Masculine plural definite article; the

    Pronoun

    us

    1. (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Third person plural masculine accusative pronoun; them
    See also
    More information nominative, dative ...
    Fala personal pronouns
    nominative dative accusative disjunctive
    singular first person ei me, -mi mi
    second person te, -ti ti
    third
    person
    m el le, -li uLV, oM el
    f ela a ela
    plural first
    person
    common nos musL
    nusLV
    nos, -nusM
    nos
    m noshotrusM noshotrusM
    f noshotrasM noshotrasM
    second
    person
    common vos vusLV
    vos, -vusM
    vos
    m voshotrusM voshotrusM
    f voshotrasM voshotrasM
    third
    person
    m elis le, -li usLV, osM elis
    f elas as elas
    third person reflexive se, -si
    Close

    Dialects: L Lagarteiru M Mañegu V Valverdeñu

    Etymology 2

    Alternative forms

    Article

    us m pl (singular un, feminine unha, feminine plural unhas)

    1. (Lagarteiru) Masculine singular indefinite article; some

    References

    • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web), 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

    French

    Etymology

    Inherited from Old French us, from Latin ūsus.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    us m pl (plural only)

    1. (plural only) mores; traditional practices or manners

    Usage notes

    Further reading

    Anagrams

    Gothic

    Romanization

    us

    1. Romanization of 𐌿𐍃

    Middle English

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

      From Old English ūs (us, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *uns (us), from Proto-Indo-European *ne-, *nō-, *n-ge-, *n-sme- (us).

      Pronunciation

      Pronoun

      us (nominative we)

      1. First-person plural accusative pronoun: us.
      2. (reflexive) ourselves.
      3. (reciprocal) each other.

      Synonyms

      Descendants

      • English: us
      • Scots: us, hus
      • Yola: ouse, ouz, uz

      See also

      1 Used preconsonantally or before h.
      2 Early or dialectal.
      3 Dual pronouns are only sporadically found in Early Middle English; after that, they are replaced by plural forms. There are no third person dual forms in Middle English.
      4 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd person singular.

      References

      Middle Low German

      Pronunciation

      Pronoun

      ûs or us

      1. (personal pronoun, dative, accusative) Alternative form of uns.
      2. (possessive) Alternative form of uns.

      Declension

      Possessive pronoun:

      More information singular, plural ...
      Declension of us
      singular plural
      masculine neuter feminine
      Strong declension
      nominative ûs ûse
      accusative ûsen ûs ûse
      dative ûsem(e) (ûsennote) ûser(e) ûsen
      genitive ûses ûser(e)
      Weak declension
      nominative ûse ûsen
      accusative ûsen ûse ûsen
      dative ûsen
      genitive
      Close

      The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period.

      Norman

      Etymology

      From Old French uis, from Latin ostium.

      Noun

      us m (plural us)

      1. door

      Old English

      Etymology

        From Proto-Germanic *uns, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥s, *nes. Cognates include Old Frisian ūs (West Frisian ús), Old Saxon ūs (Low German os, ons), Dutch ons, Old High German uns (German uns), Old Norse oss (Swedish oss), Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍃 (uns). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin nos.

        Pronunciation

        Pronoun

        ūs

        1. accusative/dative of : (to) us

        Descendants

        Old French

        Etymology

        From Latin ūsus.

        Noun

        us oblique singular, m (oblique plural us, nominative singular us, nominative plural us)

        1. tradition or custom

        Descendants

        • French: us

        Old Frisian

        Etymology

        From Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz. Cognates include Old English ūs, Old Saxon ūs and Old Dutch uns.

        Pronunciation

        Pronoun

        ūs

        1. accusative/dative of

        Declension

        More information nominative, accusative ...
        Old Frisian personal pronoun declensions
        nominative accusative dative genitive
        singular 1st person ik mīn
        2nd person thū thī thī thīn
        3rd
        person
        m hine him sīn
        f hiū, hiō hiā hire, hiāre hire, hiāre
        n hit hit him sīn
        plural 1st person ūs ūs ūser
        2nd person , , jūwer
        3rd person hiā hiā him, hirem, hiārem hira, hiāra
        Close

        Descendants

        • North Frisian:
          Most dialects: üs
          Sylt: üüs
        • Saterland Frisian: uus
        • West Frisian: ús

        References

        • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

        Portuguese

        Pronunciation

        Noun

        us

        1. plural of u

        Scots

        Etymology

        Inherited from Middle English us, from Old English ūs (us, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *uns (us), from Proto-Indo-European *ne-, *nō-, *n-ge-, *n̥smé (us).

        Pronoun

        us

        1. us

        See also

        More information personal pronoun, possessivepronoun ...
        personal pronounpossessive
        pronoun
        possessive
        determiner
        subjectiveobjectivereflexive
        first personsingular A, I, Ikmemyselmine, minesmine, my
        plural weus, weoorsel, oorselsoorsour
        second personsingularstandard (formal) ye
        you, yow
        ye
        you, yow
        yersel
        yoursel
        yers
        yours
        yer
        your
        Insular (informal) thootheethysel, theeselthinesthy, thee, thees
        plural ye, yese
        you, youse
        ye, yese
        you, youse
        theer
        yesels
        yoursels
        yers
        yours
        yer
        your
        third personsingularmasculine he, ehim, imhimsel, hisselhis, ishis, is
        feminine scho, she, shuher, erherselhersher, er
        neuter it
        hit
        it
        hit
        itsel
        hitsel
        its
        hits
        its
        hits
        genderless, nonspecific
        (formal)
        aneaneane's
        plural thaythaimthaimsel, thaimselsthairsthair
        Close

        References

        Serbo-Croatian

        Etymology

        Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ǫsъ.

        Noun

        ȕs f (Cyrillic spelling у̏с)

        1. fishbone

        References

        • us”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

        Turkish

        Tz'utujil

        Volapük

        West Frisian

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