https://linux.die.net/man/1/script
script -a <file name>#to start record
exit #exit
col -b < output.txt > clean_output.txt # clean up output for example col -b < Exercise_1.2.txt > cleaned.txt
| Command | Explain | Shorthand |
|---|---|---|
docker image ls |
Lists all images | docker images |
docker image rm <image> |
Removes an image | docker rmi |
docker image pull <image> |
Pulls image from a docker registry, without running them | docker pull |
docker container ls -a |
Lists all containers | docker ps -a |
docker container ls -a --last 3 |
List last 3 runs | |
docker container run <image> |
Runs a container from an image | docker run |
docker container rm <container> |
Removes a container | docker rm |
docker container stop <container> |
Stops a container | docker stop |
docker container start <container> |
Starts a container | docker start |
docker container rm --force < container> |
=docker container rm <container> + docker container stop <container> |
docker rm -f |
docker container prune |
Delete all stopped containers | |
docker image prune |
Delete all stopped images | |
docker run -d <container> |
Starts a container detached. Run it in the background | |
docker run -t <container> |
=t will create tty, which is a teletypewriter, can be the terminal interface for input and output | |
docker run -it <contrainer> |
-i flag instruct to pass the STDIN (standard input) to the container | |
docker ps -a |
Container process status | |
docker rm $(docker ps -a -q) -f |
remove all containers | |
docker rmi $(docker image ls -q) -f |
remove all images | |
docker logs -f <container> |
Follow the of the ouput of logs | |
docker pause <container> |
Pause log's output | |
docker unpause <container> |
Unpause log's output | |
docker attach <container> |
Keep logs open and attach to the running container | |
docker attach --no-srdin <container> |
Keep logs open and not attach STDIN | |
docker container exec <container> |
Executes a command inside the container | docker exec |
docker exec -it looper bash |
execute the Bash shell in the container in interactive mode | |
docker search <container>:<tag> |
search image | |
docker build . -t <tag> or docker build . -t <tag> |
Need a Dockerfile in path ., docker build with instructions where to build (.) and give it a name (-t <name>) -t refer to tag |
|
docker diff <container_name> |
The character in front of the file name indicates the type of the change in the container's filesystem: A = added, D = deleted, C = changed. ls can create .ash_history | |
docker commit <container_name> <new_image_name> |
save the changes as a new image | |
docker run -p <host-port>:<container-po
70FB
rt> |
Publish a port. We could also limit connections to a certain protocol only, e.g. UDP by adding the protocol at the end: EXPOSE <port>/udp and -p <host-port>:<container-port>/udp. |
docker run -d -it --name looper ubuntu sh -c 'while true; do date; sleep 1; done', -c refer to command，sh is unix shell
docker run -d --rm -it --name looper-it ubuntu sh -c 'while true; do date; sleep 1; done, --rm ensures that there are no garbage containers left behind when exited from the container. It also means docker start can not be used to start the container after it has exited.
docker run -v "$(pwd):/mydir" yt-dlp https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DptFY_MszQs, -v refer to volume. with -v option, that requires an absolute path. We mount our current folder as /mydir in our container, overwriting everything that we have put in that folder in our Dockerfile.
# Start from the alpine image that is smaller but no fancy tools
FROM alpine:3.19
# Use /usr/src/app as our workdir. The following instructions will be executed in this location.
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
# Copy the hello.sh file from this directory to /usr/src/app/ creating /usr/src/app/hello.sh
COPY hello.sh .
# Alternatively, if we skipped chmod earlier, we can add execution permissions during the build.
# RUN chmod +x hello.sh
# When running docker run the command will be ./hello.sh
CMD ./hello.sh # CMD is executed when we call docker run, unless we overwrite it.
FROM ubuntu:22.04
WORKDIR /mydir
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl python3
RUN curl -L https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp -o /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp
RUN chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp
# Replacing CMD with ENTRYPOINT
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/yt-dlp"]
`CMD`：提供默认命令和参数，可以被 docker run 命令行参数覆盖。
`ENTRYPOINT`：配置容器启动时始终运行的命令，不会被 docker run 命令行参数覆盖，但可以与命令行参数组合使用。
By default, the `ENTRYPOINT` in Docker is set as `/bin/sh -c` and this is passed if no entrypoint is set. `ENTRYPOINT` is giving the file as a parameter to /bin/sh -c
FROM ubuntu:22.04
WORKDIR /mydir
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl python3
RUN curl -L https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp -o /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp
RUN chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/yt-dlp"]
EXPOSE <port> # with docker run -p <host-port>:<container-port> to publish a port
# define a default argument
CMD ["https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aa55RKWZxxI"]
Now (after building again) the image can be run without arguments to download the video defined in CMD: However, the argument defined by CMD can be overridden by giving one in the command line:
Opening a connection from the outside world to a Docker container happens in two steps:
Exposing port: Exposing a container port means telling Docker that the container listens to a certain
Publishing port: Publishing a port means that Docker will map host ports to the container ports