句
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
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Han character
句 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 心口 (PR), four-corner 27620, composition ⿹勹口)
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №51
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 171, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3234
- Dae Jaweon: page 382, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 571, character 3
- Unihan data for U+53E5
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 句 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 勾 | *koː, *koːs |
| 鉤 | *koː |
| 鴝 | *koː, *ɡo |
| 句 | *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo |
| 夠 | *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː |
| 枸 | *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ |
| 軥 | *koː, *koːs, *ɡo |
| 狗 | *koːʔ |
| 苟 | *koːʔ |
| 岣 | *koːʔ, *ko |
| 笱 | *koːʔ |
| 玽 | *koːʔ |
| 耇 | *koːʔ |
| 豿 | *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ |
| 敂 | *koːʔ |
| 怐 | *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos |
| 雊 | *koːs |
| 竘 | *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ |
| 齁 | *qʰoː |
| 呴 | *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos |
| 蚼 | *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo |
| 豞 | *qʰoːs |
| 訽 | *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs |
| 佝 | *qʰoːs |
| 拘 | *ko |
| 駒 | *ko |
| 眗 | *ko |
| 跔 | *ko |
| 鮈 | *ko |
| 痀 | *ko |
| 蒟 | *koʔ, *kos |
| 絇 | *kos, *ɡo |
| 邭 | *kos |
| 劬 | *ɡo |
| 朐 | *ɡo |
| 鼩 | *ɡo |
| 斪 | *ɡo |
| 翑 | *ɡo |
| 葋 | *ɡo |
| 姁 | *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 欨 | *qʰo, *qʰoʔ |
| 喣 | *qʰoʔ |
| 煦 | *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 昫 | *qʰos |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo): semantic 丩 (“to entangle”) + phonetic 口 (OC *kʰoːʔ), which may represent the tip of a big nail.
The 丩 component, originally two entangled ropes, now resembles the unrelated 勹.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): jy4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jy3
- Northern Min (KCR): gṳ̿
- Eastern Min (BUC): guó
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5ciu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jy4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jù
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyù
- Wade–Giles: chü4
- Yale: jyù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuh
- Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕy⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ju4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gy
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕy²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: geoi3
- Yale: geui
- Cantonese Pinyin: goey3
- Guangdong Romanization: gêu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɵy̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gui1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kui³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: jy4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕy³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ki
- Hakka Romanization System: gi
- Hagfa Pinyim: gi4
- Sinological IPA: /ki⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: jy3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕy⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gṳ̿
- Sinological IPA (key): /ky³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: guó
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuɔ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: jy4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕy⁴⁵/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: kjuH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k](r)o-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kos/
Definitions
句
Synonyms
Compounds
- 一句起，兩句止 / 一句起，两句止 (jat1 geoi3 hei2 loeng5 geoi3 zi2) (Cantonese)
- 一字半句
- 一替一句
- 一言半句 (yīyánbànjù)
- 三言兩句 / 三言两句
- 例句 (lìjù)
- 佳句 (jiājù)
- 俳句 (páijù)
- 倒句
- 倒裝句 / 倒装句 (dàozhuāngjù)
- 偶句對 / 偶句对
- 兩句半 / 两句半
- 冗詞贅句 / 冗词赘句
- 分句 (fēnjù)
- 判斷句 / 判断句
- 包孕句
- 句型 (jùxíng)
- 句子 (jùzi)
- 句子成分
- 句字頭 / 句字头
- 句度
- 句式 (jùshì)
- 句斷 / 句断
- 句格 (jùgé)
- 句法 (jùfǎ)
- 句群
- 句脈 / 句脉
- 句號 / 句号 (jùhào)
- 句讀 / 句读 (jùdòu)
- 句重音
- 句點 / 句点 (jùdiǎn)
- 名句 (míngjù)
- 命令句 (mìnglìngjù)
- 單句 / 单句 (dānjù)
- 單句對 / 单句对
- 單部句 / 单部句
- 垛句
- 奇文瑰句
- 字句 (zìjù)
- 字斟句酌
- 尋章摘句 / 寻章摘句 (xúnzhāngzhāijù)
- 對句 / 对句 (duìjù)
- 形容句
- 彫章鏤句 / 雕章镂句
- 感嘆句 / 感叹句
- 意謂繁句 / 意谓繁句
- 拗句
- 排句
- 換句話說 / 换句话说 (huànjùhuàshuō)
- 描寫句 / 描写句
- 搜章擿句
- 摘句尋章 / 摘句寻章 (zhāijùxúnzhāng)
- 摛章繪句 / 摛章绘句
- 敘事句 / 叙事句
- 敘述句 / 叙述句
- 文句 (wénjù)
- 新句
- 斷句 / 断句 (duànjù)
- 斷章截句 / 断章截句
- 斷章摘句 / 断章摘句
- 有無句 / 有无句
- 條件句 / 条件句
- 概念句
- 樂句 / 乐句 (yuèjù)
- 死句
- 沉吟章句
- 法句經 / 法句经 (Fǎjùjīng)
- 法華文句 / 法华文句
- 活句
- 清詞麗句 / 清词丽句
- 琢句
- 當句對 / 当句对
- 疊句 / 叠句 (diéjù)
- 疑問句 / 疑问句
- 短句
- 破句 (pòjù)
- 祈使句 (qíshǐjù)
- 竄句 / 窜句
- 累句
- 絕句 / 绝句 (juéjù)
- 繁句
- 聯句 / 联句 (liánjù)
- 表態句 / 表态句
- 複句 / 复句 (fùjù)
- 覓句 / 觅句
- 詞句 / 词句 (cíjù)
- 詩句 / 诗句 (shījù)
- 語句 / 语句 (yǔjù)
- 警句 (jǐngjù)
- 費句 / 费句 (fèijù)
- 起句 (qǐjù)
- 辭句 / 辞句 (cíjù)
- 造句 (zàojù)
- 連句 / 连句
- 逐字逐句 (zhúzìzhújù)
- 遣辭用句 / 遣辞用句
- 鄙言累句
- 金句 (jīnjù)
- 鉤章棘句 / 钩章棘句
- 錦囊佳句 / 锦囊佳句
- 鍊句 / 炼句
- 長句 / 长句 (chángjù)
- 長短句 / 长短句 (chángduǎnjù)
- 閉門覓句 / 闭门觅句
- 陳述句 / 陈述句 (chénshùjù)
- 險句 / 险句
- 集句
- 雕章繢句 / 雕章缋句
- 雕章鏤句 / 雕章镂句
- 雙部句 / 双部句
- 章句
- 章句之徒
- 章句儒
- 章決句斷 / 章决句断
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: gōu
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄡ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gou
- Wade–Giles: kou1
- Yale: gōu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gou
- Palladius: гоу (gou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /koʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngau1 / gau1
- Yale: ngāu / gāu
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngau1 / gau1
- Guangdong Romanization: ngeo1 / geo1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐu̯⁵⁵/, /kɐu̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gao1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kau
- Sinological IPA (key): /kau³³/
- (Teochew)
- Middle Chinese: kuw
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ(r)o/
- (Zhengzhang): /*koː/
Definitions
句
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to bend; to curve
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 鉤 / 钩 (gōu, “hook”)
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to be polite and modest
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to arrest; to capture
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to examine
- (historical geometry) Alternative form of 勾 (“the shorter leg of a right triangle”)
- a surname
Coordinate terms
- (geometry): 股 (gǔ)
Compounds
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: gòu
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gòu
- Wade–Giles: kou4
- Yale: gòu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gow
- Palladius: гоу (gou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /koʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: kuwH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ(r)ok-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*koːs/
Definitions
句
Pronunciation 4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qú
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cyú
- Wade–Giles: chʻü2
- Yale: chyú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyu
- Palladius: цюй (cjuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: gju
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡo/
Definitions
句
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 絇 / 𰬆 (jù, “a kind of shoe ornament or decoration”)
Compounds
References
- "冤句音义考" ["Yuānqú Yīnyì Kǎo", "An Inquiry into the Sound and Meaning of Yuanqu"], 《山东方志》 [Shāndōng Fāngzhì, Shandong Local Records], 山东省情网 [Shāndōng Shěng Qíng Wǎng, Shandong Provincial Network], Jinan: Shandong Provincial Archives, 2006. (in Chinese)
- Tian Miao's "A Formal System of the Gougu Method" in The History of Mathematical Proof in Ancient Traditions, pp. 386–7.
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00497
- “句”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
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