Que faire face à l'intimidation ? Essayez d'établir des limites stables
1. ne vous agitez pas. (Le mouvement attire) 2. ne cherchez pas à apaiser. (Toute concession est interprétée comme un signe de faiblesse et reçoit une poussée) 3. fuyez vers un lieu sûr que vous pourriez tenir avec l'aide de tier·ces 4. ne bougez plus. Établissez une frontière autour de vous. Affirmez vos limites. (Le harceleur finira par changer de cible) 5. cherchez du soutien : tournez-vous vers une personne de confiance, ne vous adressez qu'à des personnes que vous sentez bien 6. soutenez, encouragez, devenez complice, jouissez de la relation
Que faire face à l'intimidation ? Essayez d'établir des limites stables
1. ne vous agitez pas. (Le mouvement attire) 2. ne cherchez pas à apaiser. (Toute concession est interprétée comme un signe de faiblesse et reçoit une poussée) 3. fuyez vers un lieu sûr que vous pourriez tenir avec l'aide de tier·ces 4. ne bougez plus. Établissez une frontière autour de vous. Affirmez vos limites. (Le harceleur finira par changer de cible) 5. cherchez du soutien : tournez-vous vers une personne de confiance, ne vous adressez qu'à des personnes que vous sentez bien 6. soutenez, encouragez, devenez complice, jouissez de la relation
Je me baladais tous les soirs dans Bruxelles en vélo. Je découvrais la ville sans ses activités habituelles, silencieuse, éteinte, et un peu partout, des messages de citoyens enfermés chez eux.
Il y avait eu une prise de conscience mondiale quant à l'écologie. Pendant le #confinement , on a vu la nature renaître, enfin libre d'exister. Nous parlions du jour d'après, de non retour à la folie de ce système mortifère. Aujourd'hui, on nous cause crise économique et on fait marche arrière. Pourtant, la préservation de notre planète est la vraie priorité.
"Je ne vois pas plus d’automutilation que quand j’ai commencé à exercer il y a dix ans, en revanche on en parle beaucoup plus qu’avant. C’est comme les cas de TDAH ou TSA qui se multiplient : ce n’est pas une épidémie, c’est simplement que les gens ont plus accès à l’information et donc au diagnostic. Blâmer la pandémie, selon moi, c’est désigner un coupable externe pour ne pas se pencher sur des problèmes structurels qui demanderaient de vraies politiques d’accès aux soins et sur la façon dont l’organisation de la société crée de la souffrance"
TEHCHING HSIEH | ONE YEAR PERFORMANCE 1978 - 1979 (CAGE PIECE) Tehching Hsieh's first one-year performance from 29 September 1978 through 30 September 1979, Tehching Hsieh locked himself in an 11.5-by-9-by-8-foot (3.5 by 2.7 by 2.
Grof explains we are moved as adults by four specific kinds of drives emanating from our earliest experiences. These specific tendencies in us relate to four different times in the birth process which involve four radically different kinds of experiences.
Grof uses the term, basic perinatal matrices (BPMs), to refer to these four aspects of our inner urges. I will describe them here and refer to them along with DeMause’s cycles of social-historical violence and war to pull apart the roots of our current apocalyptic dilemma. [Footnote 1]
Our Tendency to Always Screw Up a Good Thing, BPM I
The first of Grof’s aspects of our unconscious he terms Basic Perinatal Matrix I, BPM I for short.
Prosperity and Progress Equal Feeling “Soft” and “Feminine”
Grof’s BPM I is sometimes described as “oceanic bliss” and involves the experiences and feelings related to the relatively undisturbed prenatal period. On the social, macrocosmic level, it is the period described in the quote by deMause above in which there is a period of “prosperity and progress” and feelings of being “soft” and “feminine.”
The strong connection between individual experience (personal psychology) and collective realities (social-historical events and elements) is patent here since in BPM I experience the individual is still in the mother’s womb and to some extent shares her identity, which is of course feminine. Being unborn and not having gone through the “toughening” experiences of birth and later trauma, which predominantly create one’s defenses, the individual is also “soft,” in other words, undefended.
“No Pain, No Gain,” Hell, Satan, and Poisonous Placenta; BPM II
“No-Exit” Claustrophobia
To further review Grof’s schema and its relation to deMause’s cycles of war, I want to remind you that BPM II is related on the individual level to the time near the end of pregnancy when the fetus is no longer rocking blissfully on the waves of oceanic bliss but is trapped in an ever more confining womb. As the fetus grows in size, the suffering becomes greater; no doubt this is the source of the common-sense belief that growing has to involve suffering, for example, “No pain, no gain.” At any rate, the feelings are those of claustrophobia and “no exit.”
There is heavy non-agitated depression here, since there appears to be no hope, no change in the situation that would indicate a way out of the suffering. Indeed, this period continues practically right up to the time of birth, ending only when the cervix becomes dilated and, experientially speaking, there appears suddenly to be a “light at the end of the tunnel” and therefore hope.
Where the Hell We Get the Idea of Hell
However, up until that time there are feelings of being totally unempowered, completely in the hands of an entity—the womb—that imposes a horrifying reality that appears to be unending and eternal. Herein we have the psychological roots of notions of hell and Satan. Feelings associated with this state include despair, victimization, blame, and guilt.
“You’ll Wallow in Your Shit, and You’ll Think You’re Happy.” – Kurt Cobain, from the Song, “Sad”
As birth comes nearer, “fetal malnutrition” increases, since the neonate’s increasing size and weight press down on and constrict the blood vessels that carry blood to and from the placenta, when the mother is standing. The decreased blood supply means a reduction of life-giving oxygen as well as the buildup of toxins that would otherwise be taken away by a normal blood flow. So feelings of suffocation as well as skin irritation and other feelings of wallowing in waste matter—deemed poisonous placenta by deMause—increase. [Footnote 2]
“You’re Really in a Laundry Room.” – Kurt Cobain, from the Song, “Sad”
As I have said previously, deMause has found that these feelings exist to an extraordinary degree in a society and its leaders prior to its engaging in a war. Similarly, they precede, and obviously can be held to be accountable for, individual acts of violence—including everything from murder and rape to unfortunately all-too-common and ordinary spousal and child abuse in the household, and of course everything in between.
Bloody War, Bloody Birth — BPM III
BPM III is birth. Its social analogue is war or violent assault. Feelings that accompany this state on both the individual and societal level include rage and intense aggressiveness, all-encompassing struggle, and sexual excess.
Nothing’s Ever Good Enough, BPM IV
BPM IV relates to the time of actually coming out of the womb and the post-natal period. On the societal level it is the ending of a war.
“Busting Out All Over”
Feelings of expansiveness, release, exultation, coming finally out into the light and/or being “on top” of things, and victory are feelings associated with this matrix, whether in the individual birth or the collective war cycle.
As I said the societal analogue to BPM IV, or actually being born, is a war’s end. It is no coincidence that in triumph or peace, the two-finger peace symbol is used. What better way to signal we have come from constriction into openness, specifically through the vise of a mother’s cervix, out from between two legs. As John Lennon so aptly put it, using the peace sign frequently, “War is over (if we want it).”
Mission Accomplished … Not!
Interestingly, just as in recent times harsh modern obstetrical practices and the removal of the baby from the mother can leave lifetime feelings of success not bringing with it the expected rewards and thus a post-accomplishment sort of depression, so also the ending of successful wars sometimes also leaves a society with a sort of letdown. For example, the euphoria following George H. W. Bush’s Gulf War—which catapulted his approval ratings into the ninety percent range in 1991—was followed, only a year later, by the increasing agony of a recession and Bush’s defeat at the polls.
Cycles of Birth, Cycles of War
All of this is to say that in society, as in the womb, a period of uninterrupted and relatively undisturbed feelings of growth leads to feelings of depression—being too “soft” and “feminine,” but also “too fat” in the womb and, therefore, extremely constricted and compressed.
Why Women Fear Becoming Fat and Men Fear Appearing “Feminine”
Another way of saying this: feelings of expansion are followed by a fear of entrapment. And I agree wholeheartedly with deMause in saying that it happens this way in a nation’s cycle of feelings because it happened that way to us prior to and during our births. We have these patterns of feelings as collective groups of individuals because our first experience of expansion was followed by extreme depression, guilt, despair, and then struggle and something bloodily akin to war—our actual births.
2.“You’ll wallow in the shit and you’ll think you’re happy” and “You’re really in a laundry room” from, and with appreciation to, Kurt Cobain. These are lyrics in his song, “Sad.” The video and lyrics are reproduced again here for your convenience:
Nirvana – “Sad” (also “Sappy” and “Verse Chorus Verse”) – Lyrics
And if you save yourself You will make him happy He’ll keep you in a jar And you’ll think you’re happy He’ll give you breathing holes Then you’ll think you’re happy He’ll cover you with grass And you’ll think you’re happy Now You’re really in a laundry room, You’re really in a laundry room Conclusion came to you, oh And if you cut yourself You will think you’re happy He’ll keep you in a jar Then you’ll make him happy He’ll give you breathing holes Then you’ll think you’re happy He’ll cover you with grass Then you’ll think you’re happy Now You’re really in a laundry room, You’re really in a laundry room Conclusion came to you, oh (x2) And if you fool yourself You will make him happy He’ll keep you in a jar And you’ll think you’re happy He’ll give you breathing holes Then you will seem happy You’ll wallow in your shit Then you’ll think you’re happy Now You’re really in a laundry room (x3) Conclusion came to you, oh Alternate lyrics: And if you kill yourself You will make him happy
Derailing the Cycles of War and Violence – Audiocasts
Apocalypse – No! Chapter Two: “We Ain’t Born Typical”” “We Ain’t Born Typical”: A Closer Look at the “Human Nature” Pushing Us to Humanicide – The Perinatal Unco…
Men Would Rather Be Manly Than Alive and What Say We Leave a Planet for Our Offspring? Derailing War and Violence, Part 1
[strong]Why We Invite War, Allow Fascism, and Pollute: Our Coming Into the World Makes Us Want to Leave It [/strong]
The question posed at the end of the last chapter was whether we had opened the door to an unimaginable armageddon or were experiencing the birth pangs of a massive consciousness transformation and subsequent Earth rebirth. Are we going to self-destruct, bringing death to the entire planet along with us, or will we become good citizens of this planet and our species continue on?
What Say We Leave a Planet For Our Offspring?
Most folks would think there would be only one answer to that question desired by virtually all humans. But in previous chapters, especially Chapter Five: Death Wish – Thanatos Walking, I showed how, and why, that common-sense notion would, amazingly, be wrong: We saw how there is a huge percentage of our human Earth citizens, and a part of all of us, that wants to “throw in the towel.” This has always been true of humans, but it is of critical importance only now.
But I will assume anyone reading this will at least consciously be wanting our vital question to be answered in the affirmative. You know as well as I that the folks on the other side of this question are doing vastly different things right now than us and are nowhere to be found around here.
How Do We “Like” Life?
So the next thing to be addressed is how we might change our fortunes and live. Since continuing on is not just of matter of deciding it—voting “like” on it or checking its box—as we saw in Chapter Five: Death Wish, how can we get around this part of ourselves and our population that wants to do us all in? We need to know how to derail our perpetual cycles of war and violence. We need know how to quit bringing pollution and suffering on us. We have to know how we can stop our secret desire to take comfort in failure, how to “unlike” self-sabotage on our inner “profile.”
How Do We “Unlike” Fascism?
I have written a great deal on this question, including an entire book in 2011 on the way we act out this masochistic tendency politically and culturally by taking comfort in totalitarianism and embracing fascism. [Footnote 1]
For our purposes presently I will focus on the element of it all that is critical to answering our question. So we first need to look into the place from which emanates our dilemma. I showed that this bugaboo is our Will to Death.
Our Coming Into This World Makes Us Want to Leave It
Now we need to get more specific on this negative inclination of ours. As we have seen this Will to Death arises from human’s unique-among-all-species primal pain rooted in our singular way of coming into the world, our unique human birth.
We Need Look Deeper
We need to look deeper into the elements of that part of ourselves that would have us take us all down. We need inquire into that tendency of ours to choose pollution over health, tyranny over freedom, war over peace, enslavement over autonomy, violence over pacifism, oppression over liberty, misery over happiness. We must derail the cycles of war and violence. We must know how to “like” happiness.
We Need Know Where Exactly to Focus Our Efforts to Be Successful
To do so, we must separate the skeins of this inner entanglement and shed light into this darkness within. We need to know specifically, precisely where to place the lever of effort we will apply to truly move the world, to derail it from its current acceleration into oblivion.
So we look now into the elements of that perinatal unconscious manifesting currently as a will to die on the grandest scale imaginable.
Cycles of War, Cycles of Birth
We find there are two researchers who are particularly relevant to our understanding of the elements of the perinatal unconscious in a way as to avert collective, worldwide disaster. These are Stanislav Grof and Lloyd DeMause. [Footnote 2]
Men Would Rather Be “Manly” Than…Alive…
DeMause writes,
[T]he group-fantasy shared prior to wars expresses the nation’s deep feeling that the increase in pleasure brought about by the prosperity and progress that usually precede wars “pollutes” the national blood-stream with sinful excess, making men “soft” and feminine”—a frightful condition that can only be cleansed by a blood-shedding purification. [Footnote 2]
Men are more terrified of appearing “feminine” than of losing their lives. Why we invite war.
DeMause is saying we go forever into war because after a while peace makes men feel guilty, “sinful.” Men have uncomfortable, even shameful…homophobic…feelings of being “soft” or “feminine” when their lives are good. So men choose the “purifying,” masculinizing ritual of war to fight off these feelings. Nothing distracts one from looking inward better than a “good, old-fashioned” life-or-death struggle, and war is the most all-encompassing of them.
Men are more terrified of appearing “soft” than having the boot of totalitarianism on their neck. Why we allow fascism.
What DeMause says about bringing war upon us can be said also about allowing fascism, inviting totalitarianism. For whether we are fighting enemies of another nation or struggling to survive against oppression at home, we are involved in a daily struggle. Secret to us, we feel better being engaged in a dramatic battle, though it brings us suffering and misery.
We simply can’t hack peace for very long. We feel guilty, for some reason, lolling on the beach. You ever notice how at the end of your vacation time, you are anxious for it to be over and to get back to work? That feeling—that one where we feel…guilty?…uncomfortable…tense?…unfulfilled?…(you tell me)—that’s it. That’s the one I’m talking about.
It happens the same way collectively after we have experienced a “vacation” of national peace—for example, in the Nineties when we were prosperous and mostly peaceful under Clinton. At the end of it, with Bush, we ended up getting the misery and struggle many in America were driven to want, though no one would ever admit that.
A quick aside. The fact that the majority of Americans actually didn’t vote for Bush and so tried to choose happiness over struggle is a source of hope for us in all this. That’s a hint of what’s coming.
Stanislav Grof, Realms of the Human Unconscious: Observations from LSD Research. New York: Viking Press, 1975; LSD Psychotherapy. Pomona, CA: Hunter House, 1980; Beyond the Brain: Birth, Death, and Transcendence in Psychotherapy. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1985; The Adventure of Self-Discovery: Dimensions of Consciousness and New Perspectives in Psychotherapy and Inner Exploration. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1988; The Holotropic Mind: The Three Levels of Human Consciousness and How They Shape Our Lives. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1993.
Derailing the Cycles of War and Violence – Audiocasts
Apocalypse No! Chapter Five: Death Wish – Thanatos Walking Apocalypse is How an Over-Achieving Species Like Ours Does Its Will to Death Freud showed we had a will to die…so — Will we survive? Will …
Viable Lattice Spacetime and Absence of Quantum Gravitational Anomalies in a Multi-fold Universe
Stephane H. Maes
December 4, 2020
Abstract:
In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model (SM) wi
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Viable Lattice Spacetime and Absence of Quantum Gravitational Anomalies in a Multi-fold Universe
Stephane H. Maes
December 4, 2020
Abstract:
In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model (SM) without new Physics other than gravity. These considerations hints at a even stronger relationship between gravity and the Standard Model.
The Nielsen Ninomiya theorem predicts incompatibility of the conventional Standard Model with 4D discrete, lattice spacetimes per the Nielsen Ninomiya theorem, because of the weak interaction and the neutrino chiral asymmetries in SM. A priori, it would be problematic for the viability of the multi-fold universe reconstruction if it were to represent the real universe, and support or recover the Standard Model, as in the Standard Model with gravity, that is not negligible at the Standard Model scales (SMG). It would also invalidate our lattice-based claims of proof of the Mass gap for Yang Mills theories. Even more problematic, quantum gravitational anomalies would obstruct entanglement: quantum entanglement would not be possible in a discrete 4D universe. It simply would destroy, as impossible and inconsistent, the multi-fold mechanisms and the multi-fold spacetime reconstruction.
This paper discusses the consistency of multi-fold models with respect to these issues, as well as the implications for gravitational anomalies in multi-fold universes. The resolution relies on gravity induced flips of chiral fermions in multi-fold universes, that we already used to explain the neutrino mass and absence of proton decay observations. The resulting (spontaneous) chiral symmetry breaking handles consistency concerns with the weak interaction on lattices, and problems with Dirac fermion doubling in QCD. The gravitational anomaly cancellations, or smearing, also directly relate to the feasibility of simulations, e.g. Monte Carlo simulations of multi-fold universes, or even the possibility that the universe itself could be a simulation.
Finally, the paper also derives non-invariance of the weak hypercharge under non-negligible gravity is also an important new result of SMG, a results that does not change anything to observable weak interaction physics.
____
1. Introduction
The new preprint [1] proposes contributions to several open problems in physics like the reconciliation of General Relativity (GR) with Quantum Physics, explaining the origin of gravity proposed as emerging from quantum (EPR- Einstein Podolsky Rosen) entanglement between particles, detailing contributions to dark matter and dark energy and explaining other Standard Model mysteries without requiring New Physics beyond the Standard Model other than the addition of gravity to the Standard Model Lagrangian. All this is achieved in a multi-fold universe that may well model our real universe, which remains to be validated.
With the proposed model of [1], spacetime and Physics are modeled from Planck scales to quantum and macroscopic scales and semi classical approaches appear valid till very small scales. In [1], it is argued that spacetime is discrete, with a random walk-based fractal structure, fractional and noncommutative at, and above Planck scales (with a 2-D behavior and Lorentz invariance preserved by random walks till the early moments of the universe). Spacetime results from past random walks of particles. Spacetime locations and particles can be modeled as microscopic black holes (Schwarzschild for photons and spacetime coordinates, and metrics between Reisner Nordstrom [2] and Kerr Newman [3] for massive, and possibly charged, particles – the latter being possibly extremal). Although surprising, [1] recovers results consistent with other like [4], while also being able to justify the initial assumptions of black holes from the gravity or entanglement model in a multi-fold universe. The resulting gravity model recovers General Relativity at larger scale, as a 4-D process, with massless gravity, but also with massive gravity components at very small scale that make gravity significant at these scales. Semi-classical models also turn out to work well till way smaller scales that usually expected.
The present paper discusses the implications of multi-fold mechanisms and SMG, on chiral fermions, especially neutrinos, and how this relates to the Nielsen Ninomiya no-go theorem for 4D lattices and to quantum gravitational anomalies. As a result, the consistency of multi-fold models can be ascertained: even number of chiral fermion species, doubling of Dirac fermions in QCD and compatibility with the weak interaction.
2. The Nielsen Ninomiya No-Go Theorem
The Nielsen Ninomiya No-Go Theorem is summarized in [5] and detailed with different proofs and reasoning to motivate it in [6-9]. Accordingly, a lattice for an even dimensional (e.g. 4D) spacetime, requires the same number of species (including all quantum number) of left and right-handed chiral fermions (i.e., massless Weyl fermions) on the lattice with certain assumptions (action periodic at boundary, local, translation invariant and Hermitian action including exact conservation of discrete valued quantum number(s) (chiral charge in a finite region). Locality also constraints the type of anomalies that the theory can entertain it cannot support nonlocal anomalies which do not result into the no-go situations.
The main implication seems to be that the weak interaction and therefore the Standard Model (SM) cannot be implemented or simulated on a lattice, at least without violating one of the assumptions mentioned above. Indeed in the conventional SM, right-handed neutrinos and left-handed anti-neutrinos are missing, and the remaining charged fermions are assumed Weyl fermions, for the weak interaction, with different hypercharges associated to right and left-handed Weyl fermions; something forbidden by the theorem. Because it interacts only with left-handed fermions, the weak interaction therefore expected to not be implementable on a lattice.
Also, a Dirac fermion doubling problem is encountered by lattice QCD; preventing its simulation of chiral symmetric QCD over lattices and therefore another potential inconsistency with a discrete spacetime.
Note that although derived with a regular lattice the Nielsen Ninomiya No-Go Theorem holds, or is expected to hold, in the case an “amorphous” lattice.
3. A priori concerns with the Nielsen Ninomiya No-Go Theorem in a Multi-fold Universe
If the theorem were true in a (4D) multi-fold universe, we are confronted with the following problems, to name a few:
The multi-fold universe reconstruction models would lead to a universe with a spacetime (discrete, fractal with random walk, Lorentz invariant and non-commutative) incompatible with SM [1]. The random walk fractal spacetime can be seen as fitting the amorphous lattice situation or a regular lattice with (many) missing (not yet concretized [1]) nodes.
Our extended model for SMG, see the latest development at [12], that includes non-interacting (in flight) right-handed neutrinos, and otherwise no need for sterile neutrinos or Majorana neutrinos, seems to fall apart [1,10,11,13].
4. Multi-fold salvation
It turns out that our chirality flip mechanisms [1,10,11, 13,14,31] and its use to associate masses to the neutrinos implies that the neutrino is a Dirac fermion, even if its right-handed may always be in flight / at the entry points of the multi-folds. As a result, there are no Weyl fermions post Higgs mechanism and electroweak symmetry breaking: a multi-fold spacetime can be discrete, and remain compatible with the weak interaction and SMG.
Indeed and in addition, the chirality flips apply to all the fermions involved in weak (or electroweak) interactions, meaning that in the presence of gravity, chiral symmetry is broken for the weak interaction and the weak hypercharge is not conserved. Yet, as weak interactions only occur with left-handed fermions, this has no apparent effects: the non-conservation event do not impact interactions that do conserve weak hypercharge. The non-invariance of the weak hypercharge in the presence of gravity able to switch chirality is a new result.
Such a (spontaneous) break of the chiral symmetry, also ensure the absence of Dirac fermion doubling in QCD [5-8,29,30] and explains strong interaction confinement. The consistency of a discrete spacetime is also essential to the Yang Mills mass gap problem solution we proposed [21]. These QCD considerations will be further discussed, and expanded, in a future paper.
5. Quantum Gravitational Anomalies
As also mentioned in [6], the same number of Weyl fermion of each chirality species also cancels quantum chiral / axial gravitational anomalies for gravity that acts as QED à la Adler–Bell–Jackiw for fermions in a QED fields [14-17,27,28], because of cancelling contributions from the different chiral fermion loops (we do not discuss non-local anomalies here). It has several consequences:
It confirms the anomaly smearing due to gravity that we proposed in [13], with a different path to derive the same outcome: the lepton and baryon number chiral anomalies are canceled and so these symmetries are harder to violate in SMG. We used this to justify the absence of observed proton decay. Conventional approach would probably be more comfortable with the reasoning of this paper.
It has been argued that gravitational anomalies obstruct entanglement from existing in 4D spacetime [18]! With our result, the gravitational anomaly is canceled and entanglement is possible. This is rather critical as without it, the whole multi-fold theory would have been totally moot, and entanglement would not exist in the real universe.
Note that this does not affect the neutral pion decay into two photons modeled in [27] and observed experimentally [14], that constitutes the main observation of chiral anomalies involves primarily charged meson (charged Kaon/anti-kaons) or charged baryons/anti-baryons (protons) loops, in the chiral loops and anomalies due to the π0 electromagnetic field. The broken chirality symmetry of the QCD vacuum ensure non-zero contributions, in fact, something independent of the fermions involved. This is not affected by the reasoning presented in this paper that does not necessarily cancel these effects. However, in the already mentioned future QCD paper, we expect to tie together the vacuum chiral symmetry breaking of QCD, confinement, the mass gap problem and gravity, and to provide microscopic explanations for the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking of the QCD vacuum.
6. Monte Carlo and other simulations
As a side note, the elimination of quantum gravitational anomalies, modeled by analogy with thermal quantum Hall conductance effect, where similar anomalies are encountered, avoids the typical problem of negative sign in Monte Carlo simulations and the huge computational complexities that result [19-21]. Note that the elimination of the gravitational loop does not affect other physical situations where such anomalies are encountered like in particular 2D and 4D thermal quantum Hall conductance effects.
The reasoning presented here does not necessarily imply that anomalies are smeared by eliminating chiral fermions in solid states / condensed material physics: these involve quasi particles and different phenomena (e.g. [19,24,25]. This is especially important as these effects can be seen as a unique 4D spacetime effect, demonstrating direct a 4D spacetime, and so, in itself, of interest to anybody trying to confirm experimentally that our real universe has a 4D spacetime.
Multi-fold universes can be numerically simulated and, if that is what you would like to dream of, it could still possible that we would live in a simulation As the problems of simulation might not require intractable large amount of computing that the sign problem could otherwise create [19].
7. Conclusions
We have shown that the multi-fold model and SMG, the standard model with non-negligible gravity at it scale, maintain consistency when it comes to chirality and discrete spacetime in a 4D multi-fold universe spacetime: there is no chiral fermion doubling problem on a discrete multi-fold spacetime, neutrinos and weak interactions à la SM, can coexist. The mass gap problem is indeed resolved in a multi-fold universe [21], and right-handed neutrinos can exist in flight due to gravitational induced chirality flips in a discrete multi-fold spacetime [1,10,11,13,31].
Also, we derived non-invariance of the weak hypercharge under non-negligible gravity that can flip chirality as in [1,31]. It is also an important new result of SMG, a results that does not change anything to observable weak interaction physics as no weak interaction takes place with the right-handed fermions.
In fact, in a 4D multi-fold universe spacetime, there are no Adler–Bell–Jackiw -like gravitational anomalies, because of fermion chirality flips due to gravity, which smear or prevent such anomalies. Monte Carlo simulations do not have to run amok on such anomalies and therefore the idea that our universe may be a simulation also remains possible, something that we do not advocate but that certainly also relates to previous papers on modeling the universe as a neural network [22,23].
As we will discuss in upcoming papers, the handling of the Nielsen Ninomiya No-Go Theorem with gravity has farther reaching impact on the understanding QCD and generic Yang Mills confinement, spontaneous symmetry breaking and resolution of the mass gap problem, that is not just in a multi-fold universe.
____
Cite as: Stephane H Maes, (2020), “Viable Lattice Spacetime and Absence of Quantum Gravitational Anomalies in a Multi-fold Universe”, viXra:2205.0143v1, shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/20…, December 4, 2020.
[12]: Stephane H. Maes, (2020), “Web Site Tracking all Publications around the Multi-fold universe” -Navigation page listing all papers, shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/sh….
[13]: Stephane H Maes, (2020), “Gravity Induced Anomalies Smearing in Standard Model so that Protons May Never Decay, Except in Black Holes“, viXra:2006.0128v1, shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/20…, June 13, 2020.
[15]: Roman W. Jackiw (2008), “Axial anomaly”, Scholarpedia, 3(10):7302.
[16]: Alvarez-Gaumé, Luis, Edward Witten (1984), “Gravitational Anomalies”, Nucl. Phys. B. 234 (2): 269.
[17]: Luis Alvarez-Gaume, (1984), “Gravitational Anomalies”, in G. ’t Hooft, A. Jaffe, H. Lehmann, P. K. MitterI, M. Singer, R. Stora , eds, “Progress in Gauge Field Theory”, Part of the NATO ASI Series book series (NSSB, volume 115)
[18]: Masataka Watanabe, (2016), “Quantum Information Theory of The Gravitational Anomaly”, Asian Winter School of Strings, OIST, Okinawa, Japan, 9 Jan., 2016
[19]: Ringel, Zohar and Kovrizhin, Dmitry L., (2017), “Quantized gravitational responses, the sign problem, and quantum complexity”, Science Advances, vol. 3, issue 9
[24]: Oded Zilberberg, Sheng Huang, Jonathan Guglielmon, Mohan Wang, Kevin Chen, Yaacov E. Kraus, Mikael C. Rechtsman, (2017), “Photonic topological pumping through the edges of a dynamical four-dimensional quantum Hall system”, arXiv:1705.08361v1
[25]: Michael Lohse, Christian Schweizer, Hannah M. Price, Oded Zilberberg, Immanuel Bloch, (2017), ” Exploring 4D Quantum Hall Physics with a 2D Topological Charge Pump”, rXiv:1705.08371v1
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In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. In particular with chirality flips of fermion induced by gravity, right-handed neutrinos (and left-handed anti-neutrinos) can appear in flight and now acquire mass when encountering Higgs bosons; two mysteries can be explained in one shot in a multi-fold universe.
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1. Introduction
The new preprint [1] proposes contributions to several open problems in physics like the reconciliation of General Relativity (GR) with Quantum Physics, explaining the origin of gravity proposed as emerging from quantum (EPR- Einstein Podolsky Rosen) entanglement between particles, detailing contributions to dark matter and dark energy and explaining other Standard Model mysteries without requiring New Physics beyond the Standard Model other than the addition of gravity to the Standard Model Lagrangian. All this is achieved in a multi-fold universe that may well model our real universe, which remains to be validated.
With the proposed model of [1], spacetime and Physics are modeled from Planck scales to quantum and macroscopic scales and semi classical approaches appear valid till very small scales. In [1], it is argued that spacetime is discrete, with a random walk-based fractal structure, fractional and noncommutative at, and above, Planck scales (with a 2-D behavior and Lorentz invariance preserved by random walks till the early moments of the universe). Spacetime results from past random walks of particles. Spacetime locations and particles can be modeled as microscopic black holes (Schwarzschild for photons and spacetime coordinates, and metrics between Reisner Nordstrom [2] and Kerr Newman [3] for massive and possibly charged particles – the latter being possibly extremal). Although surprising, [1] recovers results consistent with other like [4], while also being able to justify the initial assumptions of black holes from the gravity or entanglement model. The resulting gravity model recovers General Relativity at larger scale, as a 4-D process, with massless gravity, but also with massive gravity components at very small scale that make gravity significant these scales. Semi-classical models also work well till way smaller scales that usually expected.
In this paper, we remain at a high level of discussion of the analysis and references are generic for the subjects. It makes the points accessible to a wider audience and keeps the door open to further papers or discussions devoted to details of interest. Yet, it requires the reader to review [1], as we do not revisit here all the details of the multi-fold mechanism or reconstruction of spacetime. More targeted references for all the material discussed here are compiled in [1].
2. SMG : The Standard Model with Multi-Fold Gravity
[1] proposes that in a multi-fold universe, the Lagrangian is complemented by terms associated to gravity and entanglement (in the form of the sum of the attractive effective potentials) [1].
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The effect of gravity can be seen through the attractive potential contributions of all the energy sources. It can also been seen as expressing the Standard Model Lagrangian in curved spacetime (semi-classical point of view), now considered valid till small scales.
EPR entanglement is not believed to often play a significant role, except in dark matter use cases [5]. The last term is all other “New Physics” terms and we will consider it to be null.
3. Chirality and Helicity flips induced by Gravity
In a curved spacetime, the chirality (or helicity) of massless fermions flips back and forth [6].
In the presence of gravity (with perturbative graviton models), the chirality of massive fermions flips [7]. Additional torsion further contribute to such flips [8]. [1] generates torsion within matter due to the effect of uncertainty on the multi-folds.
These effects have already been analyzed as the reason why gravity can smear the anomalies of baryon and lepton number symmetries and therefore potentially ensure the absence of proton decay, except possibly in extreme conditions within black holes [9].
Note that in the literature, it is also argued that chirality would not flip for massless fermion [7], at the difference of [6]. We believe that the latter is more correct as [7] relies on linearization of gravity, a process that does not work well and that is not giving a correct analysis compared to how gravity is explained in [1] and we know that gravity is not weak any more at very smalls scales, especially due to the massive gravity contributions.
4. The Right-handed Neutrino and its Left-handed anti particles
We recommend the following reference as entry point to neutrinos [10].
Neutrinos exist with different flavors and oscillate in flight between these flavors to change flavor and masses. They always interact in a specific flavor with the corresponding mass. Only left-handed neutrinos and right-handed anti neutrinos seem to interact (i.e. when not in flight).
So far, only left-handed neutrinos and right-handed anti-neutrinos have been observed. It is unknown if what happens or happened to the particles with opposite chirality. Do they exist?
5. The Neutrino mass problem
As a result of the absence of these opposite chirality neutrinos cannot interact with the Higgs Boson (which flips chirality). Therefore it is known in the standard model how neutrino have acquired their observed mass (that is now established to by non-zero).
Many theories have been proposed, usually with New Physics, to explain try to the mass. None have been validated so far. They involve hypothesis of seesaw mechanism, Majorana neutrinos (i.e. neutrino as its own self anti-particle), an additional sterile neutrino and a whole bunch of super partners proposals. An overview can be found in [11].
Numerous experiments have been proposed to try to validate on model or another with for example the search for Neutrino-less Double Beta-Decay (e.g. to determine if neutrinos are Majorana particles). It is fair to say that nothing conclusive has been observed so far!
At the light of [1], the reasoning above for SMG, and [9], we suspect that all these efforts may be going in the wrong direction…
Indeed, if we consider that gravity is present, then in flight particles can flip chirality in addition to oscillating in mass and flavors. So Higgs interactions are now possible in flight, which is how and when bumps with Higgs boson take place -a different situation form particle to particle interactions (also flipping chiralities, to be then flip back to observable chiralities by gravity, before any of all the other types of interaction can take place), which means mass acquisition as conventionally understood for fermions in the Standard Model can occur in flight for neutrinos (also why it is inflight that we can find the neutrino mass eigenstates). Masses are small, because available interaction time with Higgs bosons is small.
It resolves in one shot both the questions of the existence of right-handed neutrinos (and left-handed antineutrinos) as well as the origin of the (low) mass of the neutrinos. All is achieved within the context of the Standard Model with Gravity, in a multi-fold universe, and without the need of New Physics.
Also, this analysis is for a Multi-fold universe as in [1]. [1] details arguments and ways to check its relationship with the real universe. Besides properties that can be experimentally verified (in the future because of the macroscopic weakness of gravity and gravity like effects for entangled systems), [1] shows how the multi-fold mechanisms and behaviors are in many aspects in today’s conventional physics, that, at times, anticipates the behaviors modeled of a multi-fold universe. In addition, [1] explains many results obtained in gravity, quantum mechanics, General Relativity, superstring theory, Loop Quantum Gravity and the AdS/CFT correspondence conjecture. All these works attempt to come up with models for the real universe. It is at least a good sign that [1] may provide an interesting model of the real universe.
Other theories showing that gravity is relevant at the level of the standard model, can repeat the chirality flip argument, even with no relation to multi-fold universe and mechanisms or to gravity emergence from entanglement. So our model here is generic: if we add gravity to Standard Model with a model keeping it non negligible at the Standard Model scales, then right-handed neutrinos and left-handed anti neutrinos exist in flight, only left-handed neutrinos and right-handed anti neutrinos interact in general; but the existence of both chirality in flight ensures mass acquisition via the Higgs mechanism.
Note however that If our model here is not validated by experience, it would not invalidate the multi-fold mechanism and the proposal that gravity emerges from entanglement as detailed in [1]. The analysis builds on [1], as a consequence of it, but it is not a condition for validation of multi-fold universes.
5. Conclusions
We believe that [1] makes a compelling case for the consistency of its multi-fold proposal. The present paper shows how the mechanisms of multi-fold universes can help address the challenges of explaining the mass of the neutrinos without New Physics.
We explain the fate of right-handed neutrinos and left-handed anti neutrinos: they exist, but only in flight where they can interact with the Higgs. Why it only exist in flight is still an open issue. And the low mass of the neutrinos results from the usual Higgs mechanism, while in flight. The mass is low because only little time is available for mass acquisition and bumping with Higgs bosons). The model works for multi-fold universe as well as in any situation where gravity is non negligible and added to the Standard Model.
This along with similar results in [1] and [9], make a strong case for more seriously considering the implications of adding gravity to the Standard Model to obtain SMG, as a way to contribute to addressing open issues and offer better alternatives to New Physics speculations. This goes hand in hand with recognizing that this also implies the need to seriously consider that gravity may not always be negligible at the Standard Model scales as proposed in [1].
[9]: Stephane H Maes, (2020), “Gravity Induced Anomalies Smearing in Standard Model so that Protons May Never Decay, Except in Black Holes “, viXra:2006.0128v1, shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/20…, June 13, 2020.
[11]: M.C. Gonzalez-Garcia and M. Yokoyama, (2019), “14. Neutrino Masses, Mixing, and Oscillations”, in M. Tanabashi et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 98, 030001 (2018) and (2019) update.
I thank my generous supporters on Patreon. [strong]If you like my work, publications, and opinions, please consider joining them. This way, you can support this research work done totally independent from any institution. Use the contact form if you prefer to help by puting together a grant or other type of funding.[/strong]
Don’t hesitate to reach out with the contact information below, or send a message using the form. Multi-fold Community, where you can submit your own related papers, and be linked here. (Apri…
But in previous chapters, especially Chapter Five: Death Wish – Thanatos Walking, I showed how, and why, that common-sense notion would, amazingly, be wrong: We saw how there is a huge percentage of our human Earth citizens, and a part of all of us, that wants to “throw in the towel.” This has always been true of humans, but it is of critical importance only now.
So the next thing to be addressed is how we might change our fortunes and live. Since continuing on is not just of matter of deciding it—voting “like” on it or checking its box—as we saw in Chapter Five: Death Wish, how can we get around this part of ourselves and our population that wants to do us all in? We need to know how to derail our perpetual cycles of war and violence. We need know how to quit bringing pollution and suffering on us. We have to know how we can stop our secret desire to take comfort in failure, how to “unlike” self-sabotage on our inner “profile.”
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