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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: , , , , and
U+5927, 大
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5927

[U+5926]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5928]
U+2F24, ⼤
KANGXI RADICAL BIG

[U+2F23]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F25]

Translingual

More information Stroke order ...
Stroke order
3 strokes
Close
More information Stroke order ...
Stroke order
Close

Han character

(Kangxi radical 37, +0, 3 strokes, cangjie input (K), four-corner 40030 or 40800, composition or 𠂇)

  1. Kangxi radical #37, .

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 248, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5831
  • Dae Jaweon: page 492, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 520, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5927

Chinese

More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...
simp. and trad.
alternative forms ancient
𠘲
Close
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • (Cantonese)

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 大, Shang ...
Close
More information Old Chinese ...
Old Chinese
*daːl, *daːds
*daːds, *daːds
*tʰaːds, *daːds, *djads
*tʰaːds
*tʰaːds
*daːds, *tʰaːd
*daːds, *deːds
*daːds, *deːds
*tʰeːds
*deːds
Close

Ideogram (指事): a person with arms stretched out as far as possible, implying the meaning of big/great/large.

Compare with , which is a man with bent legs. Compare also , similar to 大, and , in which the legs are crossed. Compare also , which is a man with arms outstretched and a crest or tattoo on his chest, and to , which is a man with arms outstretched and leaning to side (running or marching vigorously).

See the top component of in the original version (𡙌), the top component of and the bottom component of (well visible in some fonts). Related to .

Unrelated to , in which the bottom component is the stylization of a cowrie.

Etymology

Cognate with (OC *tʰaːds, “too, excessively”), (OC *tʰaːds, “big”). Wang (1982) also lists (OC *l'aːnʔ, “big, magniloquent, ridiculous”) as a cognate, which Schuessler (2007) suggests is cognate with (OC *lan, *lans, “to extend”) instead. There are no unambiguous Tibeto-Burman cognates. Proto-Tibeto-Burman *taj (big), from which came Written Tibetan མཐེ་བོ (mthe bo, thumb), Anong tʰɛ (big, large, great), Mikir tʰè, ketʰè (“big, large, great”), Burmese တယ် (tai, very), is often compared with. There is no final –s in the Tibeto-Burman words, but a –y, which, according to James Matisoff, “indicates emergent quality in stative verbs”. Also compare Chinese (OC *ʔl'aːl, “many, much”), (OC *taː, “all”).

Pronunciation 1

More information Variety, Location ...
Variety Location 大 (小)
Mandarin Beijing /ta⁵¹/
Harbin /ta⁵³/
Tianjin /tɑ⁵³/
Jinan /ta²¹/
Qingdao /ta²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ta³¹²/
Xi'an /ta⁴⁴/
Xining /ta²¹³/
Yinchuan /ta¹³/
Lanzhou /ta¹³/
Ürümqi /ta²¹³/
Wuhan /ta³⁵/
Chengdu /ta¹³/
Guiyang /ta²¹³/
Kunming /ta̠²¹²/
Nanjing /tɑ⁴⁴/
Hefei /ta⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /ta⁴⁵/
Pingyao /tei³⁵/
/tɑ³⁵/
Hohhot /ta⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /da²³/
/du²³/
Suzhou /dəu³¹/
Hangzhou /dɑ¹³/
/do¹³/
Wenzhou /da²²/
/dɤu²²/
Hui Shexian /tʰa²²/
/tʰo²²/
Tunxi /tʰo¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ta⁵⁵/
/tai¹¹/
Xiangtan /dai²¹/
Gan Nanchang /tʰo²¹/ ~娘,姑母
Hakka Meixian /tʰai⁵³/
Taoyuan /tʰɑi⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tai²²/
Nanning /tai²²/
Hong Kong /tai²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /to²²/
/tua²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tuɑi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tuɛ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /tai³⁵/
/tua³¹/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔda³⁵/
/ʔdua²³/
Close
More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (7) (7)
Final () (25) (94)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I I
Fanqie
Baxter dajH daH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/
Pan
Wuyun
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/
Shao
Rongfen
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dajH/ /daH/
Li
Rong
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/
Wang
Li
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/dʱɑiH/ /dʱɑH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dài duò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
daai6 do6
Close
More information Character, Reading # ...
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ daH › ‹ dajH ›
Old
Chinese
/*lˁat-s/ (MC F!) /*lˁa[t]-s/
English big big

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 1934 1939
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*daːds/ /*daːds/
Close

Note: daai6-2 - “only so big/old”.
Note: to5 - limited (e.g. 大(姑)娘, 大(姑)爺 / 大(姑)爷).
Note:
  • dua5 - vernacular;
  • dai5 - literary.

  • Dialectal data

Definitions

  1. of great size; big; large; huge
    Antonym: (xiǎo)
       Zhè ge tài le!   This is too big!
    [Cantonese, trad.]
    [Cantonese, simp.]
    ni1 tiu4 fu3 hou2 daai6 tiu4. [Jyutping]
    This pair of pants is very big.
  2. big; great
    關係改善 [MSC, trad.]
    关系改善 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhōng Měi guānxì yǐ yǒu hěn gǎishàn. [Pinyin]
    Relations between China and America have improved greatly.
    不列顛不列颠   Dàbùlièdiān   Great Britain
  3. great of its kind
    昨天   Zuótiān xià yǔ.   There was heavy rain yesterday.
    𠹻 [Cantonese]   hou2 daai6 zam6 mei6 [Jyutping]   a very strong smell
  4. in an extreme manner; greatly
          to cry violently
    吃一驚吃一惊   chīyījīng   to be greatly shocked
    相同   bù xiàngtóng   to be greatly different
    遇到情況可以走人 [MSC, trad.]
    遇到情况可以走人 [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ yùdào zhè zhǒng qíngkuàng, kěyǐ zǒurén na. [Pinyin]
    If you come across this kind of situation, you absolutely can leave.
    知道昨兒過來折騰好家伙差點兒沒這兒 [dialectal Mandarin, trad.]
    知道昨儿过来折腾好家伙差点儿没这儿 [dialectal Mandarin, simp.]
    Nǐ kě bù zhīdào, tā zuór guòlai zhēteng le yī chǎng. Hǎojiāhuo, chàdiǎnr méi bǎ zhèr chāi lou! [Pinyin]
    You don't even know, yesterday he came over and wildly stirred up trouble. Oh my God, he almost tore this place apart!
  5. main; major
    Antonym: (xiǎo)
    他們一直門口 [MSC, trad.]
    他们一直门口 [MSC, simp.]
    Tāmen jiāng chē yīzhí kāi dào ménkǒu. [Pinyin]
    They drove right up to the main gate.
    一家石油公司股東 [MSC, trad.]
    一家石油公司股东 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā shì yījiā shíyóu gōngsī de gǔdōng. [Pinyin]
    He is a major stockholder in an oil company.
  6. well-known; successful (only applied to some occupations)
    書法家书法家   shūfǎjiā   a well-known calligrapher
  7. mature; grown up
    See also:
    Antonym: (xiǎo)
       Nǐ duō le?   How old are you?
       Tā bǐ tā .   She is older than him.
    [Cantonese, trad.]
    [Cantonese, simp.]
    nei5 zek3 gau2 hai6 gam3 daai6-2 gaa3 laa3. [Jyutping]
    Your dog isn't going to grow any older.
  8. (of a place) greater (together with the surrounding area pertaining to it)
    北京地區北京地区   Běijīng Dìqū   Greater Beijing Area
  9. (Cantonese) to grow up
    廣州广州 [Cantonese]   hai2 gwong2 zau1 daai6 [Jyutping]   to grow up in Guangzhou
  10. (Cantonese) to be older than
    Antonym:  / ()
    [Cantonese, trad.]
    [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 daai6 keoi5 loeng5 nin4. [Jyutping]
    I am older than them by two years.
  11. (dialectal) father
  12. (dialectal) father's elder or younger brother
  13. (Cantonese, slang) to intimidate; to threaten
    [Cantonese]   nei5 daai6 ngo5 aa4? [Jyutping]   Are you trying to intimidate me?
    [Cantonese]   nei5 mai5 daai6 ngo5. [Jyutping]   Don't you threaten me.
  14. (Cantonese) only so big
    咁高咁 [Cantonese]   gam3 gou1 gam3 daai6-2 [Jyutping]   (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  15. (Cantonese, euphemistic) number two
    [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    ngo5 hou2 gap1 aa3, jiu3 heoi3 daai6. [Jyutping]
    I'm very desperate and need to go number two.
  16. Short for 大學大学 (dàxué, “university”). Used only in the abbreviation of the name.
       Běi   Peking University
  17. 45th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "greatness" (𝌲)
  18. a surname
Synonyms
More information Variety, Location ...
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Chengde
Chifeng
Hulunbuir (Hailar)
Heihe
Qiqihar
Harbin
Jiamusi
Baicheng
Changchun
Tonghua
Shenyang
Jinzhou
Singapore
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin
Tangshan
Cangzhou
Baoding
Shijiazhuang
Lijin
Jinan
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian
Dandong
Yantai
Yantai (Muping)
Qingdao
Zhucheng
Central Plains Mandarin Lingbao
Jining
Wanrong
Linfen
Shangqiu
Yuanyang
Zhengzhou
Xinyang
Baihe
Xi'an
Baoji
Tianshui
Xining
Xuzhou
Fuyang
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan
Lanzhou
Dunhuang
Hami
Ürümqi
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu
Nanchong
Dazhou
Hanyuan
Xichang
Zigong
Chongqing
Wuhan
Yichang
Xiangyang
Tianmen
Guiyang
Zunyi
Bijie
Liping
Zhaotong
Dali
Kunming
Mengzi
Guilin
Liuzhou
Jishou
Changde
Hanzhong
Dagudi (Maliba)
Reshuitang (Longling)
Mae Salong (Lancang)
Mae Sai (Tengchong)
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing
Yangzhou
Lianyungang
Lianshui
Nantong
Anqing
Wuhu
Hefei
Hong'an
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Dongguan
Yangjiang
Singapore (Guangfu)
Gan Nanchang
Lichuan
Pingxiang
Hakka Meixian
Yudu
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
Huizhou Jixi
Shexian
Jin Taiyuan
Yangyuan
Datong
Xinzhou
Lüliang (Lishi)
Changzhi
Linhe
Jining
Hohhot
Erenhot
Pingshan
Zhangjiakou
Handan
Linzhou
Suide
Northern Min Jian'ou
Eastern Min Fuzhou
Southern Min Xiamen ,
Quanzhou ,
Jinjiang
Shishi
Zhangzhou ,
Taipei ,
New Taipei (Sanxia) ,
Kaohsiung ,
Yilan ,
Taichung
Tainan ,
Hsinchu
Kinmen
Penghu (Magong)
Penang (Hokkien) ,
Singapore (Hokkien)
Manila (Hokkien)
Chaozhou
Shantou
Shantou (Chaoyang)
Jieyang
Singapore (Teochew)
Pontianak (Teochew)
Singapore (Hainanese)
Wu Shanghai
Suzhou
Danyang
Hangzhou
Ningbo
Wenzhou
Xiang Changsha
Xiangxiang
Shuangfeng
Close

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (だい) (dai)
  • Okinawan: (だー) ()
  • Korean: 대(大) (dae)
  • Vietnamese: đại ()

Others:

Pronunciation 2

More information Rime, Character ...
Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (7)
Final () (25)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter dajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/dɑiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/dɑiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/dɑiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dajH/
Li
Rong
/dɑiH/
Wang
Li
/dɑiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/dʱɑiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
daai6
Close
More information Character, Reading # ...
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ dajH ›
Old
Chinese
/*lˁa[t]-s/
English big

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Close
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 1939
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*daːds/
Close

Note:
  • dà - variant used in 大王 (ringleader; monarch).

Definitions

  1. Used in 大夫 (dàifu, “doctor”).
  2. Used in 大王 (dàiwáng, “(in operas, old novels, etc.) king; ringleader”).
  3. Used in 大黃大黄 (dàihuáng, “rhubarb”).
  4. Used in 大城 (Dàichéng, “Daicheng, Hebei”).
  5. Alternative form of (to be about to; to intend to)
  6. Alternative form of (dài, dynasty)

Compounds

Pronunciation 3


Definitions

  1. (Cantonese) small
    [Cantonese]   gam3 daai6-1 [Jyutping]   so puny

Pronunciation 4

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“too; so; etc.”).
(This character is an ancient form of ).
For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“big; large; great; extensive; etc.”).
(This character is an ancient form of ).

References

Japanese

Korean

Okinawan

Vietnamese

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